Biological Molecules part 4

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nucleic acids
polymers specialized for the storage, transmission, & use of genetic info
- DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
- RNA (ribonucleic acid)
function of DNA

encodes hereditary info & transfers this info to messenger RNA (mRNA)
Info in mRNA is __

decoded to specify the sequence of amino acids in proteins
RNA has __

ribose

(page 91 on slide)
DNA has __

deoxiribose

lacks an Oxygen

(page 91 on slide)
The monomeric units of nucleic acids are __

nucleotides
Nucleotides consist of __
- a pentose sugar
- a phosphate group
- a nitrogen-containing base
(page 93 on slide)
classes & subclasses of nitrogenous bases
- Pyrimidines: Cytosine (C), Thymine (T), Uracil (U)
- Purines: Adenine (A), Guanine (G)
Purines pair with pyrimidines by hydrogen bonding

(page 94 on slide)
The "backbone" of DNA & RNA is a chain of __ bonded by __

sugars & phosphate groups; phosphodiester linkages
The phosphate groups of DNA & RNA link __ in one sugar to __ in another sugar.

carbon 3'; carbon 5'
The two strands of DNA run in __ directions

opposite (antiparallel)

(page 98 on slide)
complementary base pairing in DNA
- A-T (adenine-thymine)
- C-G (cytosine-guanine)
Instead of __, RNA uses the base __

thymine (T); uracil (U)

RNA would have a A-U base pair.
other functions of nucleic acids
- ATP: energy transducer in biochemical reactions
- GTP: energy source in protein synthesis
- cAMP: essential to the action of hormones & transmission of info in the nervous system
structure of ATP
- adenine
- ribose
- phosphate groups
(page 101 on slide)

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Author

sophathida

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Card Set

Biological Molecules part 4

Description

Week 1, Ch. 2, 3

Updated

2016-09-25T22:18:38Z

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