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Biological Molecules part 4

  1. nucleic acids
    polymers specialized for the storage, transmission, & use of genetic info

    • DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)
    • RNA (ribonucleic acid)
  2. function of DNA
    encodes hereditary info & transfers this info to messenger RNA (mRNA)
  3. Info in mRNA is __
    decoded to specify the sequence of amino acids in proteins
  4. RNA has __
    ribose

    (page 91 on slide)
  5. DNA has __
    deoxiribose

    lacks an Oxygen

    (page 91 on slide)
  6. The monomeric units of nucleic acids are __
    nucleotides
  7. Nucleotides consist of __
    • a pentose sugar
    • a phosphate group
    • a nitrogen-containing base

    (page 93 on slide)
  8. classes & subclasses of nitrogenous bases
    • Pyrimidines: Cytosine (C), Thymine (T), Uracil (U)
    • Purines: Adenine (A), Guanine (G)

    Purines pair with pyrimidines by hydrogen bonding

    (page 94 on slide)
  9. The "backbone" of DNA & RNA is a chain of __ bonded by __
    sugars & phosphate groups; phosphodiester linkages
  10. The phosphate groups of DNA & RNA link __ in one sugar to __ in another sugar.
    carbon 3'; carbon 5'
  11. The two strands of DNA run in __ directions
    opposite (antiparallel)

    (page 98 on slide)
  12. complementary base pairing in DNA
    • A-T (adenine-thymine)
    • C-G (cytosine-guanine)
  13. Instead of __, RNA uses the base __
    thymine (T); uracil (U)

    RNA would have a A-U base pair.
  14. other functions of nucleic acids
    • ATP: energy transducer in biochemical reactions
    • GTP: energy source in protein synthesis
    • cAMP: essential to the action of hormones & transmission of info in the nervous system
  15. structure of ATP
    • adenine
    • ribose
    • phosphate groups

    (page 101 on slide)
Author
sophathida
ID
323558
Card Set
Biological Molecules part 4
Description
Week 1, Ch. 2, 3
Updated

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