FON241-Lesson 9

Vitamins are

The rate at and the extent to which a vitamin is absorbed and used in the body is known as its

Many of B vitamins serve as

With respect to thiamin, which of the following is the most nutrient dense?

The body can make niacin from

The vitamin that protects against neural tube defects is

The lack of intrinsic factor may lead to

Vitamin C can serve as an

The requirement for vitamin C is highest for

Part of coenzyme TPP in energy metabolism

Part of the coenzyme FAD and FMN in energy metabolism

Part of the coenzyme NAD and NADP in energy metabolism

Part of coenzyme in energy metabolism

Part of coenzyme A in energy metabolism

Part of coenzymes used in amino acid and fatty acid metabolism

Activates vitamin B12; helps synthesize DNA for new cell growth

Activates folate; helps synthesize DNA doe new cell growth and protects nerve cells

Synthesis of collagen, carnitine, hormones, neurotransmitters and an antioxidant

Water-soluble vitamins include

Edema or muscle wasting, anorexia and weight-loss, neurological disturbances, muscular weakness, heart enlargement and failure are symptoms of a deficiency of

Inflammation of the mouth, skin, and eyelids are symptoms of a deficiency of

Pellagra (diarrhea, dermatitis, and dementia) are deficiency symptoms of

Skin rash, hair loss, and neurological disturbances are deficiency symptoms of

Digestive and neurological disturbances are deficiency symptoms of

Scaly dermatitis, depression, confusion, convulsions, and anemia are deficiency symptoms of

Anemia, glossitis, neurological disturbances, and elevated homocysteine are deficiency symptoms of

Scurvy (bleeding gums, pinpoint hemorrhages, abnormal bone growth, and joint pain) are deficiency symptoms of

Enriched, fortified, or whole-grain products and pork contain healthy amounts of

Milk products; enriched fortified, or whole-grain products and liver contain healthy amounts of

Protein-rich foods contain healthy amounts of

What vitamin is wide-spread in foods and assists in GI bacteria synthesis

Legumes, vegetables, and fortified grain products contain healthy amounts of

Foods derived from animals contain healthy amounts of

Fruits and vegetables contain healthy amounts of

Liver damage, and impaired glucose tolerance are toxicity symptoms of

Nerve degeneration and skin lesions are toxicity symptoms of

Masking a vitamin B12 deficiency is a toxicity symptom of

Diarrhea and GI stress are toxicity symptoms of

Arguments for Mineral and Vitamin Supplements include

Arguments against Mineral and Vitamin supplements

Fat-soluble vitamins include

What vitamins chief function includes vision, maintenance of cornea, epithelial cells, mucous membranes, skin, bone and teeth growth, reproduction and immunity

What vitamins chief functions include mineralization of bones (raises blood calcium and phosphorus by increasing absorption from digestive tract, withdrawing calcium from bones and stimulating retention by kidneys?

What vitamins chief functions include antioxidant (stabilization of cell membranes, regulation of oxidation reactions, protection of polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin A

What vitamins chief functions include synthesis of blood clotting proteins and bone proteins?

Infectious disease, night blindness, xerophthalmia and keratinization and deficiency symptoms of

Rickets and osteomalacia are deficiency symptoms of

Erythrocyte hemolysis and nerve damage are deficiency symptoms of

Hemorrhages are deficiency symptoms of

Reduced bone mineral density, liver abnormalities, and birth defects are toxicity symptoms of

Calcium imbalance is a toxicity symptom of

Hemorrhagic effects are due to toxicity of

Retinol, milk and milk products are good sources of

dark green leafy and deep yellow/orange vegetables are good sources of

Synthesized in the body with the help of sunshine and fortified milk are good sources of

Vegetable oils are good sources of

Synthesized in the body by GI bacteria and green leafy vegetables are good sources of

Fat-soluble vitamins

The form of vitamin A active with vision is

Good sources of vitamin A include

To keep minerals available in the blood, vitamin D targets

Vitamin D can be synthesized from a precursor that the body makes from

Vitamin E's most notable role is to

The classic sign of a Vitamin E deficiency is

Without vitamin K

A significant amount of vitamin K comes form