Name the basic unit or building block of all living things
Cell
The small intestine is an example of a(n)_____, because it is composed of two or more tissue types performing a specific function for the body
A)
What are the four basic types of tissue?
Epithelial
Muscular
Nervous
Muscular
What is a group of cells that are similar in structure and function?
Tissue
Define organ
A structure composed of two or more tissue types that performs a specific function for the body.
What organ system generates heat?
Muscular
What organ system allows locomotion, grasping and manipulation of the environment, and facial expressions?
Muscular
What is primary function of the muscular system?
To contract and shorten; in doing so, allows locomotion, grasping and manipulation of the environment, and facial expressions
What organ system allows facial expressions?
Muscular
What are the major component organ of the muscular system?
Muscles attached to the skeleton
What organ system helps to maintain homeostasis of the body via rapid transmission of electrical signals?
Nervous
What are the major component organs of the nervous system?
Brain, Spinal cord, nerves, and sensory receptors
The pituitary, thymus, thyroid, parathyroid, adrenal, and pineal glands; ovaries, testes, and pancreas are major components of what body system?
Endocraine
What body system produces "chemical messengers"(hormones) and promotes growth and development?
Endocrine
The nervous system allows the body to detect changes to the internal and external environment and to respond to such information by . . .
activating appropriate muscles and gland.
The skeletal system is composed of
Bones
Cartilages
Tendons
Ligaments
Joints
What are the 3 functions of the skeletal system?
Body support and protection of internal organs
Provide levers for muscular action
Cavities provide a site for blood cell formation
What organ system produces vitamin D?
Integumentary (Skin)
What organ system protects deeper organs from mechanical, chemical, and bacterial injury, and desiccation(drying out)
Integumentary (Skin)
The integumentary system aids in the regulation of the body's ____
Temperature
What organ system excretes salts and urea?
Integumentary (Skin)
What is desiccation?
Drying out
Epidermal and dermal regions; cutaneous sense organs and glands are all part of the . . .
Integumentary (Skin)system
What propels the blood through the blood vessels by a pumping action?
My heart
What are the 3 main components of the cardiovascular system?
Blood
Heart
Blood vessels
The cardiovascular system is primary a _____ system that carries blood containing oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, ions, hormones, and other substances to and from the tissue cells where the exchange is made
Transport
What organ system cleanses blood of pathogens and other debris?
Lymphatic/Immune
The lymphatic system picks up fluid leaked from the blood vessels and returns it to . . .
the blood
What organ system houses white blood cells that act via the immune response to protect the body from foreign substances (antigens)?
Lymphatic/Immune
What are antigens?
Foreign Substances
What are the major components of the lymphatic system?
Lymphatic vessels
Lymph nodes
Spleen
Thymus
Tonsils
Scattered collection of lymphoid tissue
The thymus is part of what 2 organ systems?
Endocrine and Lymphatic
The nasal passages, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs make up the . . .
Respiratory System
What organ system keeps the blood continuously supplied with oxygen while removing carbon dioxide?
Respiratory
______system contributes to the acid-base balance of the blood via its carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
Respiratory
What buffer system does the respiratory system uses to regulate blood pH levels?
Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
What makes up the digestive system primarily?
Oral cavity
Esophagus
Stomach
Small and large intestines
Accessory Structures (teeth, salivary glands, liver, and pancreas)
Why does the digestive system break down food to minute particles?
To be absorbed into the blood for delivery to the blood cells.
What happens to undigested residue in the digestive system?
Removed from the body as feces
What makes up the urinary system primarily?
Kidneys
Ureters
Bladder
Urethra
The urinary system rids the body of ______-contained wastes (urea, uric acid, and ammonia).
nitrogen
What organ system maintains water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood?
Urinary
What system produces germ cells (sperm or eggs)?
Reproductive
What separates the abdominal and thoracic cavities? (A thin muscle attached to the inferior boundary of the rib cage)
The diaphragm
What and where is the thymus?
An irregular mass of glandular tissue overlying the heart
What/where is the heart?
Medial oval structure enclosed within the pericardium(serous membrane sac)
Where are the lungs located?
Flanking the heart on either side
What is the great omentum?
An extension of the peritoneum that covers the abdominal viscera.
What is a tube like structure "windpipe" running medially down the throat; part of the respiratory system?
Trachea
The bronchi branch off from the . . .
Trachea
What are two passages that plunge laterally into the tissue of the lungs?
Bronchi
What is a food chute; the part of the digestive system that transports food from the pharynx (throat) to the stomach?
Esophagus
What is a curved organ important in food digestion (tacos) and temporary food storage?
Stomach
Where is the cecum found?
The initial portion of the large intestine.
The small intestine connects the_____ and ending just before the sac-like cecum.
Stomach
What is a large muscular tube connected to the small intestine and ending in the anus?
Large intestine
What is the rectum?
Terminal part of the large intestine; continuous with the anal canal
What is the rear opening of the digestive track?
THE ANUS
What is a apron-like serous membrane; suspends many of the digestive organs in the abdominal cavity.
Mesentery
The mesentery is usually heavly invest with____ and, more likely than not riddled with large _____ deposits.
Blood vessels
Fat
Where is the pancreas; a diffuse gland?
Rests dorsal to and in the mesentery between the first portion of the small intestine and the stomach.
What is a dark, red organ curving arounf the left lateral side of the stomach; considered part of the lymphatic system and often called the red blood cell grave yard?
Spleen
What is considered the red blood cell graveyard?
The spleen
What is the most superior organ in the abdominal cavity, directly beneath the diaphragm?
Liver
How does the Liver look?
Large and brownish red
What is retroperitoneal?
Behind the peritoneum
Where and what are the kidneys?
Retroperitoneal (behind the peritoneum). They are bean shaped organ
What are the adrenal glands? Where are they?
Large endocrine glands that sit astride the superior margin of each kidney; considered part of the endocrine system.
What organ system do the adrenal glands belong to?
Endocrine
Define ureter.
Tube running from the indented region of a kidney to urinary bladder
The urinary bladder serves as a sac for . . .
a reservoir of urine
Inferior vena cava is the large vein that returns blood to the _____ from the _____ regions of the body.
Heart
Lower
What is deep to the inferior vena cava; the largest artery of the body; carries blood away from the heart down the mid-line of the body
