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Three forms of psychology:
- Academic
- Professional
- Public/Popular
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Benefits of studying history of Psychology:
- Connect to lives of past
- Make sense of the future
- Integrate knowledge into more meaningful understanding
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Type of work done by the “overwhelming majority of psychologists today”:
Professional Specialties (counselor, etc.)
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Event that marks the beginning of modern psychology:
The establishment of a research lab by Wilhelm Wundt.
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At the time that laboratory experimental psychology arrived in America from Germany, what was the existing academic psychology? What were its three parts?
- Practice of Psychology
- Mental Psychology
- Scientific Psychology
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Basic assumptions that Gall made about the skull/organization of the brain:
- Different parts of the brain = different intellectual, emotional, and behavioral functions
- Bump on skull= overdeveloped brain
- Skull indention= underdeveloped brain
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In addition to measurements that identified talents and dispositions, what else did phrenologists provide for their clients?
- Identified talents/disposition
- Strengthen weaker areas
- Provide greater success/happiness
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Physiognomy:
Evaluation of a person's character, intellect and abilities based on facial features.
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Mesmerism:
Relieving psychological and medical conditions by passing magnets over patients' bodies.
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Main activity that spiritualists engaged in:
Seances (communicating with the dead)
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What did mental healers such as Quimby see as their task?
Help his clients reach spiritual healing by helping them see how irrationality and negative thinking affected their health.
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Two opponents of new Psychologists:
- Pseudo-scientific Psychology
- Mental Philosophy
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Locke's view of innate ideas:
Denied their existence
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Two sources of knowledge in Locke’s philosophy:
- sensation and reflection
- Sensation= direct experience with external world
- Reflection= ideas from new and preexisting sensations'
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In what way did the Scottish realists, such as Reid, disagree with Locke?
- People have direct knowledge of perceived objects via their senses
- a strong conviction of its existence
- objects are perceived immediately
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What point did Fuchs make about what experimental psychologists added to mental philosophy?
They were adding experimental procedures to what he already considered to be empirical science (mental philosophy)
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