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Chem vocab Ch1&2
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chemical formula
notation that uses atomic symbols with numerical subscripts to covey the relative proportions of atoms of the different elements in the substance
EX
: NaCI
how many different types of chemical formulas are there? what are they
Molecular- gives exact # of atoms that are chemically bonded together
empirical- shows simplest whole # ration of atoms in substance
ionic compounds
consist of cation and anion
formula same as empirical formula
sum of charges
structural formula shows..?
how they are bonded together to one another in a molecule
polymers
large molecules that are made up of smaller molecules repeatedly linked together
monomers
the small molecules that are linked together to form the polymer
ion
electrically charged particle obtained from an atom or chemically bonded group of atoms by adding or removing electrons
ex:sodium chloride
two types of ions?
anion and cation
anion
when atom picks up extra electron it becomes a negatively charged ion
cation
when ion loses an electron it becomes a cation which is a positively charges ion
formula unit of a substance
the group of atoms or ions explicitly symbolized in the formula
molecular compound
a compound regarded as a union of molecules retaining their identities
element
substance whose atoms all have the same atomic #
nuclide
an atom characterized by an atomic number and mass number
Isotopes
atoms whose nuclei have the same atomic number but different mass #s
nuclei have same number of protons but different neutrons
atomic mass unit (amu) of an element
a mass unit equal to exactly 1/12 the mass of a carbon-12 atom
period
the eleents in any one horizontal row of the periodic table
group
the elements in any one column of the periodic table
metalloid or semimetal
an element having both metallic and nonmetallic properties
organic compounds
class of molecular substances that contains carbon combined with the other elements such as hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen
hydrocarbons
simplest organic compounds
those compounds containing hydrogen and carbon
functional group
reactive portion of a molecule that undergoes predictable reactions
chemical nomenclature
systematic naming of chemical compounds
inorganic compounds
composed of elements other than carbon
ex:carbon dioxide, carbonates, cyanides
monatomic ion
simplest ion formed from a single atom
polyatomic ion
ion consisting of two or more atoms chemically bonded together and carrying a net electric charge
binary compound
coupound composed of only two elements
ex h20
first elemet is more metallic 2nd is not so much
Prefixes for naming compound
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
mono
di
tri
tetra
penta
hexa
hepta
octa
nona
deca
acid
molecular compound that yields hydrogen ions, H+, and an anion for each acid molecule when the acid dissolves in water
oxoacid
an acid containing hydrogen oxygen and another element, (can be called central atom
hydrate
compound that contains water molecules weakly bound in its crystals
Chemical equation
symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in terms of chemical formulas
reactant
is a starting substance in a chemical reaction
react to form
what does the arrow mean in a chemical equation
Author
rachelle122
ID
323171
Card Set
Chem vocab Ch1&2
Description
miserable
Updated
2016-09-14T00:11:04Z
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