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What is the purpose of an Investigative Report
Reports just the facts and circumstances surrounding an investigation.
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Define Flow Analysis
The review, compilation and analysis of data relating to the flow of events or commodities to summarize activities of a suspected criminal nature.
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Identify the purpose of Flow Analysis (3 parts)
Illustrate a progression of activities over a specific period of time
Focus on the relationships between the activities, events and commodities in terms of sequence
Summarize and analyze the flow of events or the distribution pattern of a criminal group.
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Identify uses of flow analysis (4 parts)
Depict Modus Operandi
Show activities leading to a criminal event
Show flow of criminal goods or profits
Provide a view of the organization over time.
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What are two purposes of Activity Flow Analysis
To show the underlying processes behind the criminal behavior.
To show the activities of a criminal organization in regards to methods of operation for the criminal enterprise.
It is NOT date/time specific.
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What is Event Flow Analysis used to show.
The series of steps or activities that occur in a criminal pursuit with the intent of discovering the meaning of those activities and their importance to the criminal pursuit they represent.
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What are the uses of Event Flow Analysis
To Illustrate the progression of activities over a period of time to clarify the times of occurrence.
Used to show sequence of events so the relationships among the events are clarified.
Should be performed early in the analysis of a complex case to provide a clear picture of what has happened.
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Define Crime Mapping
The compilation, review and analysis of criminal incident data for the purpose of optimally deploying police resource to prevent crime and or arrest offenders.
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Define Frequency dstributions
The number of times an incident occurred within a time frame of specific location
It is applied when conducting phone and financial analysis.
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Define Modus Operandi summeries
A review of reports for the specific crime problems you are analyzing and determine a recurring successful MO for pattern detection
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Define Crime Series
Once a specific and recurring MO pattern has been identified it is called a crime series.
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Define Crime Pattern
The occurrence of similar offenses in a defined geographic area such as a single reporting district, a beat or an entire jurisdiction.
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Identify the uses of crime pattern analysis (6)
Direct Deployment
Provide investigative leads
Detect the Presence of an organization
Uncover trends
Predict future incidents
Prevent/deter future crimes.
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Define direct deployment
Sometimes police presence alone has an impact on the occurrence of crime. Offenders notice when there is
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Define how to provide investigative leads (3 things)
Provide investigative leads through suspect identification, also known as the crime/suspect correlation process
Case matching is a related tequniqe
M.O. summaries are especially useful in providing leads. Specific factors and specific subjects can be ascertained through carful scrutiny and cross checks with repeat offenders or field interview reports.
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Define how to predict future incidents (3)
if a crime has a pattern to it, it is possible to predict future incidents.
Find clusters, patterns in Day of Week, Time of Day any pattern
By examining the MO pattern the analyst can come to some conclusions regarding the dates, times and locations of future events.
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Define how to prevent/deter crime (3)
Pattern analysis should be done regularly and given to the patrol/investigative commanders.
Any information you can include (aside form statistical) will be a big help to the commander. It saves them time and reading the reports and allows them time to make schedule adjustments to curtail the problem.
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List factors that make up crime patterns
Dates, Times
Locations, Destinations,
Amounts
Actions
Sources
Perpetrators, vehicles, target/victim
Level of violence, weapons, equipment,
Levels of organization
Communications,
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Define Dates as it relates to crime pattern factors
Always look at dates to see if there is a pattern. DoW, DoM, Bi Weekly, Bi Monthly, Payday, End of Month, First of Month.
If you are looking at mail theft, find out when checks should be received
Look for patterns even where it is not consistent, ie it starts with a pattern and then becomes irregular.
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Define Time as it relates to crime pattern factors
Time patterns are important in terms of relating a specific criminal event to a specific time. In addition time of day patterns may be important for MO and deployment.
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Define Locations as it relates to crime pattern factors
Location is important because of the availability of crime targets, distance from observers, where fear prevents contact with police, easy access in and out.
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Define actions as it relates to crime pattern factors (3)
Perpetrators actions are a factor use in MO pattern detection.
Actions can make up patterns.
Analysts monitor the actions of people, not machines; while criminals often adhere to habits, there is always the possibility they will deviate. A professional criminal will intentionally deviate from habit.
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Define Perpetrators as it relates to crime pattern factors (4)
Physical appearance of the perpetrator is a factor used in MO pattern detection
Analysts should always be looking for patterns or similarities in their daily review of reports. They should always note a similarity in any suspect descriptions
Other than professionals, criminals do not change their appearance and often will even wear the same clothes.
Look for unique descriptions to help narrow your search
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