Chapter 11

• 1. Overeating/Obesity
• -availability of different foods
• -more activity in reward regions of the brain when looking at good tasting food
• -large portions
• -socially contagious
• -viewed negatively in society can lead to depression
• 2. Disordered eating
• -weight loss/weight gain alter metabolism may make future weight loss more difficult
• -repeated failures damage self-esteem
• -Anorexia nervosa
• -Builimia nervosa

• 3. Sexually transmitted infections
• -HPV can cause birth defects
• -increased risk of infertility

• 4. Smoking
• -heart disease, cancers
• -withdrawal symptoms: anxiety
• -nicotine increased activation of dopamine

-a group of behavioral, mental, and physical processes occurring when events match or exceed the organisms ability to respond in a healthy way

• -Three stages of physical response to stress
• 1. Alarm:
• -emergency response
• -heart rate increase
• 2. resistance:
• -body prepares for a longer, more sustained attack against the stressor
• -immunity to infection and disease increases as the body maximizes its defense
• 3. exhaustion
• -after being exposed to a stressor for a long time
• -body's ability to respond to stress begins to decline
• -immune system begins to fail
• -we get sick immediately after long periods of stress
• -previous weak body systems will likely fail

• 1. Fight or flight
• -physical response to stressors
• -prepares a persons body to fight or run away from danger
• -sympathetic nervous system
• 2. Tend or Befriend
• -female tendency to respond to stressors by protecting their offspring and forming social alliances to reduce risks

• -stress and negative emotions increase the risk of heart disease
• -people cope through bad behaviors that are bad for health
• 1. Type A behavior pattern
• -people who are competitive, achievement oriented, aggressive, impatient-much more likely to develop heart disease
• -high blood pressure
• -hostility, freq angered people are much more likely to die earlier age
• -body doesnt respond well, take toll on heart
• 2. Type B behavior pattern
• -noncompetitive, relaxed, easy going

• 1. Primary appraisals
• -making decision on whether a stimulus is stressful or not
• 2. Secondary appraisals
• -how to manage and respond to a stressful stimulus
• 3. Emotion-focused copying
• -people try to prevent from having a response to a stressor
• -avoidance
• -drink alcohol
• 4.Problem-focused coping
• -taking direct steps to confront or minimize a stressor
• 5. Cognitive process: Downward comparison
• -view your situation is not as bad as others
• 6. Involving family

-positive state that includes striving for optimal health and life satifaction

excessive fear of becoming fat. Causes a loss of bone density and heart diseases

-alternate between dieting and binge eating