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Emotional display rules
rules that dictate which emotions one may appropriately display in particular situations
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social referencing
the process of "reading" emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in an uncertain situation.
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period of the embryo
the second prenatal period, the state of rapid growth that last from the beginning of the 3rd week of gestation until the end of the 8th week. the period of the embryo comprises the differentiation of the major physiological structures and systems
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thalidomide
a drug once prescribed to relieve morning sickness in pregnant women but discontinued when found to cause serious malformations in the fetus. current controvery for possible use in treating symptoms of such diseases as aids, cancer, and leprosy.
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autostimulation theory
the theory that during REM sleep the infants brain stimulates itself and that this, in turn, stimulates early development of the central nervous system
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visual preference method
is what is used to find out what is used to find out what type of visual stimuli an infant prefers. they would rather look at a face with proper proximity and shades rather then a non realistic face.
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Androgen insensitivity syndrome
a condition that affects sexual development before birth and during puberty. People with this condition are genetically male, with one X chromosome and one Y chromosome in each cell. Because their bodies are unable to respond to certain male sex hormones (called androgens), they may have mostly female sex characteristics or signs of both male and female sexual development
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Erikson's theory
he took a psychosocial approach which he stated had 8 discontinuing stages of development. each stage went through the challenges in emotional and physical and what happens if someone fails to meet those challenges.
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cross-sectional method
a research method in which researchers compare groups of individual of diff age levels and approx the same point of time.
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ecological validity
the degree to which a research study accurately represents events and processes that occur in the natural world
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homozygous
describing the state of a individual who's alleles for a particular trait from each parent are the same
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heterozygous
describing the state of a individual who's alleles for a particular trait from each parent are different
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modifier gene
genes that exert their influence indirectly, by affecting the expression of still other genes. its the gene that changes the end result.
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psychoanalytic theory of attachment
the Freudian theory that babies become attached first to the mother's breast and then to the mother herself as a sources of oral gratification
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insure avoidant attachment
a type of attachment shown by babies who seem not to be bothered by their mothers brief absence but specifically avoid them on their return, sometimes becoming visible upset.
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insecure resistant attachment
a kind of attachment showed by babies who tend to become very upset at the departure of their mothers and to exhibit inconstant behavior on their mothers return, sometimes seeking contact, something pushing their mothers away.
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insecure disorganized attachment
a type of attachment showed by babies who seem disorganized and disorenented when reunited with their mothers after a brief separation
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attachment Q sort
an assessment method in which a caregiver or observer judges the quality of a child's attachment on the basis on the child behavior in a naturalistic situations, other include brief separations from parents
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