science 10 ch 3

extremely small particles

a group of atoms

what is the attraction that holds together atoms and molecules

process of mixing molecules of one substance with another

random motion of microscopic particles

one way diffusion through a semipermeable membrane

molecules or atoms that are arranged in a well-ordered pattern

random arrangement of molecules that do not have a set melting point

the ability of a solid to recover its original shape after being deformed

how far a material can be deformed from its original shape before that deformation becomes permanent

how strongly a material opposes deformation

what can be increased by heating

another commonly measured property of solids

scale that test liabulility to scratches

measures liability to denting

molecules in an object are pulled apart

formula for Hooke's Law

the opposite of stretching

a combination of stretching and compression

occurs when two forces in opposite directions are side by side

twisting

attraction to molecules of a different substance

depends upon the strength of he cohesion in the liquid

force exerted per unit of area

s applied to a fluid inside a closed container, the pressure increase will be distributed equally throughout the container

when pressure is caused by gravity pulling on the liquid

equations of equivalent ratio

temperature and pressure are directly related when volume is held constant

Pressure and volume of a gas are inversely related to a constant temperature

 (1) V/T=V/T (2)

P₁V_{1 =} P₂ V₂

Boyle's law

(1)P/T=P/T(2)

the pressure of air

made the first barometer

an empty space with no matter

mercury-filled column

airtight metal box with thin, flexible walls to measure pressure

simple devices used to move liquids over obstacles without pumps

a device used to measure altitude

The tendency for a solid object to float when placed in a fluid

device used to measure the specific gravity of liquids

the buoyant force experienced by an object is exactly equal to the weight of the fluid displacement

technique used to determine the specific gravity of a solid denser than water