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Classify the following surgical wound:
no hollow viscous entered, primary wound closure, in inflammation, no breaks in aseptic technique, elective procedure
Clean
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Classify the following surgical wounds:
hollow viscous entered but controlled, no inflammation, primary wound closure, mechanical drain used, bowel prep preop
clean-contaminated
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Classify the following surgical wounds:
uncontrolled spillage from viscous, inflammation apparent, open traumatic wound, major break in aseptic technique
contaminated
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Classify the following surgical wounds:
untreated uncontrolled spillage from viscous, pus in operative wounds, open suppurative wound, severe inflammation
dirty
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Antiseptic implies ________.
bacteriostatic
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Disinfectant implies ___________.
bactericidal
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___________ can be applied to living tissues, but ___________ is harmful to living tissues.
Antiseptic; disinfectant
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What is the most common airborne contaminant?
staph aureus
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Of all the articles used to attain asepsis, the _________ contributes the least.
face mask
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What is the mechanism of action of iodophors? (3)
- cell wall penetration
- oxidation
- replacement of microbial contents with free iodine
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What is the mechanism of action of chlorhexidine gluconate 4%? (2)
- disruption of cell membrane
- precipitation of cell contents
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Describe the important points of draping.
- 2 layers
- top layer water-impervious
- cut an "I" (not an eye) in the top drape
- only expose site of incision (allow room for incision extension if complications arise)
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What are the types of sterilization procedures? (4)
- dry heat
- pressurized steam
- radiation
- chemical
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What are the criteria for autoclave sterilization?
- gravity displacement
- 13 minutes at 250 degrees F
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What are Halstead's principals? (8)
- strict asepsis
- preserve blood supply
- gentle tissue handling
- sharp anatomic dissectio
- meticulous hemostasis
- closure or drainage of dead space
- avoidance of tension on tissues during closure
- careful approximation of tissues
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