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Chapter 24-25

  1. What are the accessory organs in the digestive tract?
    • Tongue
    • Salivary glands
    • Pancreas
    • Liver
    • Gallbladder
  2. Is the esophagus an accessory organ?
    No.
  3. What is absorption?
    Uptake of nutrients from the digestive tract into the blood stream.
  4. If a surgeon were to remove a tumor from the stomach which layer would she/he have to cut thru?
    Serosa.
  5. Where is the the myenteric plexus located in the digestive tract wall?
    Muscularis.
  6. Which nerve do parasympathetic fibers pass through to get to the GI tract?
    Vegus nerve.
  7. What does acetylcholine do in the GI tract?
    Stimulates.
  8. Is epinephrine inhibitory or stimulatory?
    Inhibitory.
  9. What is the role of serotonin in the digestive tract?
    Stimulates digestive tract motility.
  10. What line the outer abdominal wall?
    Parietal peritoneum.
  11. What is the function of the falciform ligament?
    Attaches liver to the abdominal wall.
  12. Where are the parotid glands located?
    Anterior to the ear on each side of the head.
  13. What are the muscles layers of the stomach?
    • Outer Longitudinal muscle layer
    • Middle Circular muscle layer
    • Inner Oblique muscle layer
  14. Where is lingual lipase activated?
    Activated by stomach acid and acts in the stomach.
  15. What kind of epithelium is found in the esophagus?
    Stratified squamous epithelium.
  16. How is pepsin activated in the stomach?
    Hydrochloric acid.
  17. What does the haustra do to the small intestine?
    Nothing. Trick question. The haustra belongs to the large intestine.
  18. Sphincter of oddi
    Controls flow of bile and pancreatic juice to duodenum.
  19. Pyloric sphincter
    Controls flow of chyme from stomach to duodenum.
  20. Cardiac sphincter
    Controls flow of food between esophagus & stomach.
  21. Ileocecal valve
    Controls flow of feces between ileum & cecum
  22. What is the function of the peristalsis?
    Moves food down the digestive tract.
  23. What are the fat soluble vitamins?
    A, D, E, & K. They are absorb to the lacteals (lymph).
  24. Where is most of the water absorb in the digestive tract system?
    Ileum & Colon
  25. What cells make up oxyntic factors?
    Parietal cells.
  26. What is oxyntic factors function?
    Absorption of vitamin B12
  27. What is an emulsifier?
    Bile Salts
  28. What is the function of the epiglottis?
    Cover the glottis (trachea).
  29. What are examples of sugars and starch?
    Carbohydrates
  30. What are carbohydrates when absorbed into the blood stream?
    Monosacharides
  31. What do cells rely on for energy?
    Glucose
  32. ATP production occurring in the krepp cycle?
    False
  33. What is excess glucose converted to first?
    Glycogen
  34. Where is glycogen mostly stored in the body?
    Liver and muscle
  35. How does the body make triglycerides?
    Lipids and 3 Fatty acids
  36. What is the meaning of essential amino acids?
    Must be ingested.
  37. Where is iron found?
    Blood (hemoglobin)
  38. Amino Acid's (AA's) -> Glucose
    Gluconeogensis
  39. Glucose -> Amino Acids -> Fat
    Hypogensis
  40. Glycogen -> Glucose
    Glycogeralysis
  41. Glucose -> Glycogen
    Glycogenesis
  42. NADH+H+
    Carries electrons to electron transport chain.
  43. What is the rule of the oxygen electron transport chain?
    Final electron acceptor is oxygen.
  44. How does the body break down fatty acids?
    Beta-oxidation
  45. What does ketosis in the urine indicate?
    The breakdown of fatty acids.
  46. What is metabolizing amino acids converted to?
    Ammonia
  47. What part of the brain controls body temperature?
    Hypothalamus
  48. What is the glucose normal range?
    between 3.9 and 5.5
  49. When glucose gets metabolize without the presence of oxygen?
    Lactid acid.
  50. What is the energy currency of the cell?
    ATP
  51. What is the process when the body is making protein?
    Anabolism
  52. What kind of macro-molecules are antibodies?
    • Proteins
    • Humeral mediated
Author
roadcrush
ID
322136
Card Set
Chapter 24-25
Description
Anatomy & Physiology II
Updated

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