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The dorsoscapular ligament is formed by what and in what region?
by Thoracolumbar fascia in the interscapular region (withers)
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Describe the dorsoscapular ligament
- Fibroelastic CT
- Extending from T2-T5
- Attaches to the spinous process, transverse process, scapula and ribs
Fuses with its fellow at the level of T2 and T3
Arises ventral to the ligamentum nuchae and medial to the rhomboideus thoracis muscle
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Name the two functions of the dorsoscapular ligament?
- 1.) Primarily for the concussion absorption mechanism
- 2.) Inhibit and direct the spread of infections
(Can be found between the nuchal ligament and spinous process of T3)
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How does the Occipito-Atlanto-Axial Joint differ in the horse from the dog?
Presence of the longitudinal ligament of the dens and the ligament of the apex of the dens.
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What is the function of the nuchal ligament?
- 1.) Supports the head and neck
- 2.) Provides muscle attachment for some neck muscles
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The funicular part of the Ligamentum Nuchae is paired, cord like and continuous with the ___________.
supraspinous ligatment at T3.
Origin: External Occipital Protuberance and runs caudally without attaching to C1 and C2 vertebrae.
Significantly widened at the withers.
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Ligamentum Nuchae Laminar part is also paired but ______ ventrally. It extends from the spinous process of C2-C7.
Fenestrated
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These two things impede the spread of infection in the neck. They also determine the route of spread of infection.
Ligamentum nuchae and dorsoscapular ligament.
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What are the three bursas associated with the nuchal ligament and which are acquired/genetic?
- Cranial Nuchal Bursa (lies between the funicular part of the dorsal tubercle of the atlas. Acquired bursa, but relatively constant. Its inflammation may cause necrosis of the funicular part of the ligament- poll evil.
- Caudal Nuchal Bursa (lies between the funicular part and the spinous process of the axis. Also acquired, but less constant than the cranial bursa).
- Supraspinous Bursa (very important clinically, lies between the funicular part and the SUMMIT of the spinous process of T3, Genetically determined- when inflamed- causes fistulous withers)
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The deep cervical lymph nodes drain....
the head, neck, larynx, esophagus and thyroid.
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