Chem 5, College of the Desert.txt

• Addition of hydrogen to break
• C=C and triple bonds.

ie: CH3CH=CHCH3 + H2 <=>

• Alkanes
• A molecule whose carbon atoms bond to the maximum number of Hydrogen atoms.

A molecule that contains a carbon-carbon multiple bond to which more hydrogen atoms can be added.

A hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon double bond.

A hydrocarbon that contains a carbon-carbon triple bond.

Alkenes that have the same connections between atoms but differ in their three-dimensional structures because of the way that groups attach to different sides of the double bond.

A general reaction type in which a substance X-Y adds to the multiple bond of an unsaturated reactant to yield a saturated product that has only single bonds.

A general reaction type in which a saturated reactant yields an unsaturated product by losing groups from two adjacent carbons.

A general reaction type in which an atom or group of atoms in a molecule is replaced by another atom or group of atoms.

A general reaction type in which a molecule undergoes bond reorganization to yield an isomer.

The addition of H2 to a multiple bond to give a saturated product.

The addition of Cl2 or Br2 to a multiple bond to give a dihalide product.

The addition of HCl or HBr to a multiple bond to give an alkyl halide product.

The addition of water to a multiple bond to give an alcohol product.

A description of the individual steps by which old bonds are broken and new bonds are formed in a reaction.

A large molecule formed by the repetitive bonding together of many smaller molecules.

A small molecule that is used to prepare a polymer.

• H2C=CH2
• Polyethylene
• Uses: packaging, bottles

• H2C=CH-CH3
• Polypropylene
• Uses: bottles, rope, pails, medical tubing

• H2C=CH-Cl
• Poly(vinyl chloride)
• Uses: Isulation, plastic pipe

• H2C=CH-(benzene ring)
• Polystyrene
• Uses: Foams and molded plastics

• H2C=CH-(benzene ring)
• and H2C=CHCH=CH2
• Styrene-butadiene rubber(SBR)
• Uses: synthetic rubber for tires.

• H2C=CH-C(triple)N
• Orlon, Acrilan
• Uses: fibers, outdoor carpeting

• O
• ||
• H2C=CCOCH3
• |
• CH3
• Plexiglas, lucite
• Uses: Windows, contact lenses, fber optics

• F2C=CF2
• Teflon
• Uses: nonstick coatings, bearings, replacement heart valves and blood vessels

The class of compounds containing benzene-like rings.

The phenomenon where the true structure od a molecule is an average among two or more conventional structures.

A benzene ring with an attached -CH3

A benzene ring with an attached -OH

A benzene ring with an attached -NH2

A benzene ring with two attached -CH3 on oppisite sides of the ring of each other.

• A bezene ring with a caboxilic acid attached
• O
• ||
• -C-OH

• A benzene ring with an attached aldehyde
• O
• ||
• -C-H

The C6H5- group

The substitution of a nitro group (-NO2) for a hydrogen on an aromatic ring.

The substitution oh a halogen group (-X) for a hydrogen on an aromatic ring.

The substitution

A cyclic hydrocarbon that contains a double bond.

In the addition of HX to an alkene, the H attaches to the double-bond carbon that has the larger number of H atoms directly attached to it, and the X attaches to the Carbon that has the smaller number of H atoms attached.