In the process known as __________, materials are transported from the blood to the lumen of an organ such as the stomach or kidney tubule.
secretion
Tissues and cell membranes that allow some molecules to pass through, but not others, are called __________.
semipermeable or selectively permeable
The sensors that regulate body temperature during homeostasis are called __________.
chemoreceptors
In terms of homeostasis, a body temperature of 37 degrees Celsius for humans would be considered a __________ (2 words).
set point
In a negative feedback loop, glands and muscles that bring about a final response are called __________.
effectors
A positive feedback loop involving the pituitary gland and the ovulation is called the __________ (2 words).
LH surge
Intracellular fluid has a __________ concentration of proteins and potassium, as compared to extracellular fluid.
high or higher or greater
The spleen is an organ that is part of the __________ system.
immune
Both diabetes mellitus and diabetes __________ are associated with symptoms of thirst and excessive urination.
insipidus
Heat __________ is often characterized by a lack of sweat, even though the person suffering from this condition is greatly overheated.
stroke
The body's regulation of blood glucose and hormone levels occurs through homeostatic __________.
feedback loops or regulatory mechanisms or control mechanisms
Insulin is a hormone that acts to __________ blood glucose concentration.
decrease or lower
__________ cells in the pancreas secrete insulin.
Beta
True or False. The interior of the gastrointestinal tract is actually continuous with the external environment.
True
True or False. Fat is a type of connective tissue.
True
True or False. All muscle tissue is under voluntary control.
False
True or False. The hypothalamus secretes substances into the blood stream using a duct.
False
True or False. Interstitial fluid constitutes the majority of total body water.
False
True or False. Connective tissue consists of cells dispersed in a noncellular material called the matrix.
True
True or False. The outer surface of the skin is continuous with the inside surface of the kidney tubules.
True
True or False. Type I diabetes is more common than type II.
False
True or False. The integrating center in homeostatic responses is always the central nervous system.
False
True or False.Diabetes mellitus is a disease that affects all organ systems.
True
True or False. Homeostasis can be maintained in a normal person, even when exposed to environmental extremes.
False
True or False. Red blood cells are part of the extracellular fluid compartment.
False.
Red blood cells circulate in the extracellular fluid, but because they are cells, they are not considered to be actually part of this fluid compartment.
Muscle cells are found in the __________.
D. all of the above
The functions of epithelial cells include __________.
A. acting as a physical barrier to the movement of molecules
Which of the following is NOT a connective tissue?
D. All of the above are types of connective tissue.
Collagen is a protein found in which type of tissue?
A. connective
Most of the body's water is contained in the __________.
B. ICF
Extracellular fluid is equal to __________.
D. plasma + ISF
The drop in blood pressure that can occur when a person stands up too quickly is a(n) __________.
B. error signal
The chemoreceptors in blood vessels that sense oxygen and carbon dioxide levels in the blood are __________.
C. sensors
A positive feedback mechanism is prevented from spiraling out of control by __________.
a. a factor that stops the feedback loop
b. a factor that removes the stimulus
c. A factor that limits the system's ability to respond to the stimulus
d. all of the above
d. all of the above
The one organ system that does NOT function to maintain homeostasis is the __________ system.
D. reproductive
Negative feedback __________.
a. moves a physiological variable back toward the set point
b. moves a physiological variable past the set point, in a direction opposite to the error signal c. increases the amplitude of the error signal d. does all of the above
a. moves a physiological variable back toward the set point
During rest, blood flow to which of the following organs cannot be restricted without doing harm?
D. brain
As a result of exercise training, which of the following decreases?
C. resting heart rate
The increased blood glucose concentrations that occur with diabetes can be detected or monitored by measuring __________.
D. all of the above
In diabetes mellitus, glucose appears in the urine because the kidney has failed to __________ it.
