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astronomy
the study of objects beyond the Earth's atmosphere
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meteorology
the study of the air that surronds the earth
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geology
the study of the material that makes up the earth & the processes that form & change it
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oceanography
the study of the Earth's oceans that cover over 3/4 of the planet
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climatology
the study of weather over a long period of time
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palentology
the study of the remains of organisms that once lived on the Earth & ancient environments
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hydrology
the study of water's flow on & below Earth's surface
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ecology
the study of habitats of organisms, their interactions, and the environments they live in.
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geochemistry
the study of Earth's composition & the processes that change it
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tectonics
the study of the effects of internal processes on Earth's surface, including earthquakes & mountain building
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lithosphere
- -outer layer
- -includes crust & mantle
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2 kinds of crust & what is their composition
- +crust forms topography of earth
- -continental= granite
- -oceanic= basalt
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hydrosphere
water in oceans, seas, rivers, glaciers, atmosphere, etc.
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how much salt water covers the earth?
97%
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how much freshwater covers the earth?
3%
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atmosphere
the blanket of gases that surround the Earth
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functions of atmosphere
- -required 4 cellular resp.
- -protects us frm radiation
- -maintains temo. 4 all living things
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content of atmosphere
- 78% = nitrogen
- 21% = oxygen
- 1% = water vapor etc.
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biosphere
includes all organisms on earth & the environments they live in
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technology
the application of scientific discoveries in everyday living
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