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RF for PAD.
- DM
- obesity
- HTN
- hyperlipidemia
- smoking
- age 40 yrs or older
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40% of people with ASCVD will have ________.
PAD
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The location of pain doesn't necessarily help determine the cause of chest pain - what DOES?
duration
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Can NTG relieve non-cardiac pain?
YEP
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You will not see anything on an ECG until _____% has changed.
70
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Conditions that increase myocardial O2 demand.
- hypERthyroid
- HTN
- anxiety
- tachycardia
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Conditions that decrease O2 supply to heart.
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What patients will have an atypical AMI presentation?
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What other things should you rule out when suspecting an AMI?
- Acute pericarditis
- aortic dissection
- spontaneous pneumothorax
- pulmonary embolism (OCs!)
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How do you tx prevention of second MI?
- antiplatelet (if stent, ASA & Plavix)
- BB - carvedilol, metoprolol, or bisoprolol ONLY)
- ACEI (esp DM, HTN, decreased LV function)
- statin therapy
- cardiac rehab
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What is the follow up time for post-MI?
- q 2-6 mos
- ECG q year
- cardiology testing q 1-2 yrs
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If you hear a carotid bruit, you should make sure it is not actually a ________.
murmur
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30% of ischemic strokes are due to what?
atherosclerosis at the bifurcation
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The internal carotid artery supplies blood to?
BRAIN
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The external carotid artery supplies blood to?
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Management of carotid stenosis.
- No routine screening
- statins for hyperlipidemia
- HTN control
- doppler ultrasound: refer if >60% or symptomatic
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An objective dx can be made for PAD with ankle brachial index of what?
<0.90
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RF for PAD.
- DM
- obesity
- HTN, hyperlipidemia
- smoking
- males, 40+ yoa
- ASCVD
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PE findings for PAD.
- dependent rubor
- dry, scaly skin
- poor nail growth
- hair loss
- five Ps
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Tx for PAD.
- claudication rehab
- RF reduction
- Simvistatin
- ASA 81 mg
- Ginkgo?
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When evaluating for PAD, what else should you screen for if not already dx?
DM
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RF for varicose veins (--> PVD).
- obesity
- hormones (female, pregnancy)
- aging
- prolonged standing
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Valve dysfunction, local tissue edema and unilateral LE swelling can be?
chronic venous insufficiency
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Tx for chronic venous insufficiency.
- compression stockings
- if ulcers, need to control edema first!
- Unna boot
- refer, poss vascular surgery
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________ therapy does NOT work for edema due to chronic venous insufficiency
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