Comic Books As Culture

emotional reactions that arise without conscious effort

a collection of previously serialized comics in a bound edition

non-mainstream comic books usually created by a single cartoonist and presenting a very personal vision

the heightening of meaning that comes when people communicate about an act of communication

Japanese animated films

literary device where non-hum creatures are given human like qualities

a protagonist who lacks some qualities of an idealized hero

an amateur press aliance, whose members publish collections of their works and distribute them to each other

a type of creative expression governed by its own materials, techniques, and limitations

production method that involvews principally individual execution of the writing and drawing in the creation of comics

the depiction of sound, or music in a panel that is not occuring at the same moment as the events pictured in the panel

the primary "author" of a work who provides a unifying artistic vision, even within a collaborative production process

stocks of comic book magazines older than the most current issue offered for sale by comics speciality shops

"drawn strips" or comics from the Franco-Belgian tradition

an early form of mass communication consisting of a single page of printed material usually with both words and images

comic with black and white interior pages published during World War 2

a definitive list of the most worthwhile works or most talented creators

creator who both writes and draws comics

a stark contrast of light and dark

applying background knowledge and an understanding of the relationships between encapsulated images to synthesize or blend sequences of panels into events

the process of perceiving, organizing, and interpreting the symbols on the pg in order to construct meaning

a volume in which all aspects of the narrative are represented by pictorial and linguistic images encapsulated in a sequence of juxtaposed panels and pages

juxtaposed images in a sequence

an industry-sponsored board tasked with reviewing the contents of comic books before approving them for distribution

limited liability corporation that offers the services of a third party evaluation of a comic books grading

accounts of actual events presented in comics form

the selection and placement of visual elements on a comics page and within a panel

research method in which the frequency and patterns of selected variables are investigated across media messages

the consistent relationship among different comics stories

the legal control that the owner has over intellectual property

the erosion of native cultures, including their value systems, language, and traditions, due to the influence of more dominant cultures through the distribution of mass media

pictures and words that characters, objects, and sensory environment of the worl of the story.

the process of distinguishing a narrative from others within its genre

theory of mass media consumption that says audiences imitate what they see portrayed in media messages; also known as the "magic bullet theory" of media effects

the system of comic book distribution to speciality shops

the words and images that constitute the panel are not contiguous

stage in the mass media industry where entities sell media products to the consumers

selecting images that capture the flow of experience and putting them in a panel

stage in the mass media industry where entities sell media products to the consumers

an audience member engaged in the dialogue about comic books

a term for fans that may be either insulting or used for self- deprecation

the community of fans produced by organized activity

a fan produced magazine

artistic style that emphasizes detailed musculature

a comic whose panels consist of a mixture of still photography and text; also known as fumetti in Europe

an independant contractor who accepts work on particular assignments

anyone who has the authority to select or modify messages communicated through the media

a class or type of an art form as determined by the appearance of similarities with other works

Mexican comics emphasizing sexuality, crime, and melodrama

reference to the comic book era of earliest mass popularity, roughly dated 1938-1945

style of comic art ub wgucg shapely, stereotypically attractive women are provocatively posed for the pleasure of the male viewer

a label applied by creators and publishers to distinguish a comic book, which in practice is longer and perhaps self-contained, in contrast to most periodical comic books.

non mainstream comic books that allowed creators to tap into the underground sensibility and work in genres other than superheroes

the space between panels

a book published with a comparatively durable cover

the perpetuation of power disparities in a culture through the capitulation of those disadvantaged by the system

"little stories" or comics from the Mexican tradition

a narrative that combines qualities from two or more genres

visual cues that represent things similar in appearance(ex. a simple drawing of a car made to represent a car)

a set of ideas that function as sense making tools for groups of people

smaller publisher that attempts to compete with the established publishers by offering genre fiction comic books intended for mainstream audience

visual cues that have relationship to ideas or things not explicitely depicted(ex. a gasp indicates surprise)

production method that involves collaborators performing specialized tasks in the creation of comics

an original work of workds, images, or ideas that is legally recognized as being owned by its creator

images(picture or text) appearing in proximity can each affect the meaning of the other, and together create a meaning beyond what is communicated by each separate image.

a picture that reminds the reader of something he or she has encountered in other media(movies, books, paintings, TV shows, etc)

a social condition in which youth engage in illegal activities such as vandalism, theft, and murder

to place items side-by-side

the relationship of a single panel to the succession of panels, to the totality of the page, and to the totality of the story; involves choices of size, sequence, and juxtaposition

the assigning of rights by a trademark holder to a license to use a character for a marketing application

style of drawing that assigns equal value to all the lines within the frame and de-emphasizes shading.

the ability to understand and interpret a symbol system, traditionally associated with reading text bu now regarded as including visual and other cultural symbols as well.

a comic book series launched with definite conclusion planned

comic books produced by the most established and profitable publishers

Japanese comics; translated as "irresponsible pictures"

professional cartoonists working in Japanese manga

a collaborative production which vests most control over the story telling dynamics upon the artist rather than the writer

a channel for communication

the use of an associated detail to represent the whole

originally designated a 3 1/2 x 4 eight page comic, but the term has come to refer to small, homeade comic book

a state lacking any detectible flaws

the archetypical story of the hero`s journey repeated accross multiple versions

a marketplace characterized by only one provider and no competition

a text which communicates through more than one symbol system such as comics or television

a research method wherein texts are reviewed for their culturally significant meanings

the challenge that must be overcome or resolved before a happy ending can be reached in a story

an interpretation of a message that accepts some of the intent of the creators while rejecting other elements

half or quarter page mini comics produced by cartoonists independant of any publisher

title assigned to the comics art form by scholar Claude Beylie, who argued comics and television deserved standing with seven other arts: architecture, music, painting, sculpture, poetry, dance, and cinema

any interference that distorts the message

a marketplace characterized by relatively few competitors

invented words that mimic sounds

an interpretation of a message that is counter to the creator`s intent

narrative that explains the fantastic nature of the superhero and involves a transformation; also referred to commonly as the "secret origin"

social group that is defined in contrast to the qualities of a preferred group in a society

a discernible area that contains a moment of the story

the chosen images and all the images that could have made sense or communicated nearly the same meaning atthe same pint in the panel

qualities of our spoken language(volume, rate, speed, etc)

the perception of a relationship with figures in the media that develops over time and may have an emotional intensity similar to that of actual shared relationships

an interpretation of a message that matches the intent of the creators

the implied movement of people or objects in the frame

stage in mass media industry where entities create media products

the focus of interest does not reside in the building and resolution of dramatic suspense spanning the entire text, but in the narrative verve displayed in relating adventures from the life of the hero

a series of related communication acts that spread a particular interpretation of an event

a fanzine with higher production values and produced by a staff with more of a professional than amateur standing.

an image hat represents some aspect of a character`s personality or state of mind

magazine made of cheap paper and featuring sensational fictional stories

analysis of phenomena using numerical data

starting a series over with revisions to the mythos established in the previous incarnations of the series

the depiction and definition of a social group in mass media messages

a superhero`s collection of foes

the relatively limited availability of an object, which helps drive up its value

a unit of the story that usually, but not necessarily, has unity of time and space to portray a continuous action.

the implied movement of the frame itself

the compilation of related and usually consecutive scenes

any artwork with elements arranged in a sequence to tell a story

an arrangment where independant contractors produced content for the major publishers, often in an assembly line where different production steps were divided among artists

something, such as an image, meant to represent something else, such as a quality

reference to comic book era coinceding with the second surge in popularity in superhero comics, roughly dated 1956-1969

referring to the state of a comic book that has been evaluated and then sheathed between two sheets of plastic by the comics guaranty, LLC

stories authored by fans that place same-sex fictional characters into sexual situations

stores offering comics and comics related paraphenilia

collectors who purchase comic books as investments

full page panel, usually at or near the beginning of a comics narrative, used to establish context or mood

the process of inculding enough recognizable elements so that a narrative clearly fits within a genre

a set of powers, appearance, supporting characters, and behaviors that are preserved in a recognizable form for the economic interests of the corporation that owns the character

a recognizable generalization of a type

arbitrary patterns, such as words, that reference an idea or thing

the depiction of sound in a panel that emanates from and is occuring at the same moment as the events pictured in the panel

a part of something that stands for the whole or vice versa

the coordinated release of products tied into a media property to maximize exposure and increase profitability

the process of selecting which panels to present from the possible progression of story images that could occur

Crude sex comic books

a comic book usually with more pages than most monthly issues and bound by a cover that is of higher durability than a paper cover but not quite as durable as hardcover

independantly produced comic books, ofter socially rebellious

a group of people in relationship to one another who rely on mediated communication because of a lack of geographic proximity to one another

a picture of one thing to evoke the idea of something else

an arrangment with a cartoonist in which the publisher retains copyright over characters and story

a disputed assertion that the comics medium began with the owrk of Richard Felton Outcaults Hogan Alley, featuring the character of the Yellow Kid