Human Nutrition Midterm

• The state of a human when it functions optimally without evidence of disease
• or abnormality

• • the nutrients in foods;
• • how nutrients are used in the body; and
• • human behaviours related to food.

the foods and beverages a person usually eats and drinks

any substance that the body can take in and assimilate that will enable it to stay alive and healthy

The science of how nutrients affect the activities of genes and how genes affect the activity of nutrients

• Components in food that are indispensable (or essential) to the functioning of the body.
• Nutrients provide energy and building material used to help maintain or repair the body and support growth

• Energy providing
•   carbohydrate
•   fat 
•   protein
• Other Nutrients
•   water
•   vitamins
•   minerals

The nutrients that the body cannot make for itself from other raw materials

• Threonine, Valine
• Tryptophan, Isoleucine, Leucine
• Lysine, Phenylalanine, Methionine

linoleic acid

• 3 fat soluble (A, D, E), 1 conditional (K)
• all water soluble

all minerals are essential

• Some nutrients are conditionally essential,
• Body cannot alone make enough to meet body's requirements (e.g., the amino acid histidine during periods of growth).

Nutrients the body can make for itself, therefore does not have to rely on our food intake (e.g., some amino acids, some fatty acids).

energy required to raise ___of water by 1C

• CHO=4cal/g (kcal/g)
• fat 9cal/g
• protein 4cal/g
• alcohol 7cal/g

• Adequate
• -
• balance
• -
• calorie control
• -
• moderation
• -
• variety
• -

-

• A measure of nutrients provided per calorie of food
• high nutrient low calorie = high nutrient density
• (more nutrients/calorie)

individual

population

population with manipulation

tightly controlled conditions