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Gastrointestinal Tract Layers
- Mucosa: Secretion, protection and absorption
- Submucosa: Nutrition and protection
- Muscularis Externa: Peristalsis
- Serosa: Reduces friction, anchor, and protect
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The 4 Tongue Cranial Nerve Innervations
- Hypoglossal
- Facial
- Trigeminal (Mandibular)
- Glosspharyngeal
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Tongue
- Tongue: Assists in mastication
- Papillae: Traction
- Lingual Glands: Secretes mucus
- Taste Buds: Grips food
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Salivary Glands
- Salivary Glands: Produces saliva
- Mucous Acini Cells: Produces mucus
- Serous Acini Cells: Break down carbs by salivary amylase
- Serous Demilunes: Produce salivary amylase
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Stomach
- Stomach: Recieves and breaks down food
- Gastric Pits: Secretion of digestive enzymes
- Gastric Glands: House chief and parietal cells
- Mucous Cells: Secretion of mucous to protect stomach from own enzymes
- Parietal Cells: Produces intrinsic factor and HCl
- Chief Cells: Pepsinogen
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Large Intestine
- Large Intestine: Water reabsorption
- Goblet Cells: Contain or secrete mucus
- Intestinal Glands: Cellular mitosis reservoir
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Liver
- Liver: Detoxification
- Hepatocytes: Makes bile, detox reactions
- Bile Duct: Transports bile
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Gall Bladder
- Gall Bladder: Stores bile
- Simple Columnar Epithelium: Absorption
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Respiratory System
- Bronchiole: Air passage
- Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium: Mucus elevator
- Alveolar Epithelium: Oxygen diffusion
- Alveolus: Gas diffusion
- Hyaline Cartilage: Support
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Kidney
- Kidney: Filtration
- Glomerulus: Filtration
- Bowman's Capsule: Collects filtrate
- PCT: Reabsorbs 70% of filtrate
- DCT: Sodium reabsorption
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Urinary Bladder
- Urinary Bladder: Holds urine
- Transitional Epithelium: Stretch
- Detrusor Muscle: Expels urine
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