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What are the Characteristics of IgG?
- 76% of serum concentration.
- Found in Plasma, Interstitial fluids
- Crosses the placenta.
- Resonsible for secondary immune response.
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What are the Characteristics of IgA?
15% of serum concentration.
Lines mucous membranes and protects body surfaces.
Found in body secretions, (tears,saliva,breast milk, colostrum.)
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What are the Characteristics of IgM?
- 8% of serum concentration.
- Responsible for primary immune response.
- Forms Antibodies to ABO blood antigens.
Found in Plasma
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What are the Characteristics of IgD?
1% fo serum concentration.
Present on lymphocyte surface,
Assistsin differentiation of B lymphocytes.
Found in Plasma
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What are the Characteristics of IgE?
- 0.002% of serum concentration.
- Causes symptoms of Allergic reactions.
Found in Plasma and Interstitial fluids.
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These cells differentiate into Plasma cells when activated and the plasma cells produce antibodies.
B Lymphocytes.
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These cells migrate from the bone marrow to the Thymus.
They compose 70-80% of circulating lymphocytes.
T Lymphocytes.
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These cells are also involved in cell mediated immunity.
Made up of large lymphocytes with numerous granules in their cytoplasm.
They do not require sensitization to generate.
Natural killer Cells.
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What are dendritic cells?
- They have an atypical shape with extensive dendrtic processes that form and retract.
- They capture antigens and transport them till they meet a Tcell with a specificity for that antigen.
- They are important in activating the immune response.
- location; skin (called Langerhaans cells), linings of
- nose, stomach and intestines.
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what is humoral immunity?
- It consists of antibody-mediated immunity.
- The B cells after exposure to an antigen, will be activated to produce antibodies. IgG,M.A etc.
- This is the primary immune response 4-8 days. IgM is released first, followed by IgG.
- Some mature B cells will be left behind as memory cells to start a secondary immune response
- if exposure to the same antigen occurs again.
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What is Cell-Mediated Immunity?
this is Immune response that is initiated by specific antigen recognition by T cells.
Protects against viruses (intracellular)
Important in Graft rejection, chronic infectious agents like tuberculosis and fungal infections.
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what happens when the immune system overreacts?
Hypersensitivity disorders( when the body fails to recognize its own proteins and attacks them) leading to autoimmune diseases.
Allergies.
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