Microbiology - 0406 - Antimicrobial II

• protein inhibitors
• the ribosome
• •  Tetracycline - binds reversibly to the ribosome.

•  Streptomycin-binds irreversibly to the ribosome.

• An agent that kills and lysis the cell.
• •  Usually cell wall inhibitors and detergents.
• •  Ampicillin - inhibits cell wall synthesis and causes cells lysis.

• MIC
• MBC

The lowest concentration of agent that completely inhibits growth.

The lowest concentration of an agent that will kill the bacteria.

• Discovery of Penicillin (1929)
• father of antibiotics

Glycoside hydrolases, enzymes that damage bacterial cell walls by cleaving 1,4-beta-linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) in a peptidoglycan.

• Beta-lactam antibiotics
• Account for half of the antibiotics used

• Drug uptake (permeability) and efflux pump (transport)
• Target modification (structure/pathway/overproducing)
• Antibiotic / drug modification

• kill (does not affect the total count)
• inhibit the growth
• kill and lyse