-
andre antoine
founded Theatre Libre
-
Adolphe Appie
- Scenic designer
- revolutionizes design by introducing 3d set pieces
- "The Staging of Wagner's Music Drama"
-
Charles Pierre Baudelaire
- introduced and translated Poe to French
- Les Fleurs du Mal (book of poetry)
- Arrested for obscenity
- perfectionist
-
Otto Brahm
- naturalist
- pro actors
- emphasized play over production
- Freie Buhne in Berlin
-
Ludwig Chronegk
- actor in Meiningen company
- did many directorial functions (casting, ran rehearsals)
- took up many lead actor functions
-
Paul Claudel
- French playwright
- symbolist
- The Tidings Brought to Mary (unstageable as written)
- most important Symbolist playwright
-
Gordon Craig
- scenic designer
- son of Ellen Terry
- similar to Appia
- integrates design elements w text
- directed a few shows
-
Sergei Dhiagilev
- World of art movement
- dancer and choreograpger
- works w russian symbolist painters
- russian ballet
-
WG and Frank Fay
- founded Ormonde Dramatic Society
- actors
- produce shows w good roles
-
Paul Fort
- 1st significant symbolist producer
- founds Theatre Mixte at age 17
- retires at 21
- sets designed by major symbolist painters
- produces works not meant for stage
- "more enthusiastic than accomplished"
-
Georg II
- Duke of Saxe-Meiningen
- a "director"
- actually more of an artistic director
-
Nikolai Gogol
- playwright
- the Inspector General
- comedy that isn't a love story
-
Maxim Gorky
- turn of the century Russian playwright
- The Lower Depths
- gritty naturalism
-
Lady Augusta Gregory
- great theater manager
- decent playwright
- brought class to Irish National Theater
-
Gerhart Hauptmann
- 19th cent realistic German playwright
- The Weavers
- based on historic rebellion of weavers
- 1st significant show to have collective protag
-
Hugo von Hoffmansthal
- non-realist German
- did variations of inherited materials
- famous adaptation of Everyman
- did a lot of opera w Strauss
-
AEF Horniman
- funded the Abbey Theater
- heiress to a tea fortune
-
Alfred Jarry
- late 19th cent French
- wrote Ubu Roi
- intellectual predecessor to absurdism
-
Aurelian Lugne-Poe
- most signif non-realism director
- stages many signif plays including works by Maeterlinck
- break from symbolists is a death knell for movement
- later does more realistic works
-
Maurice Maeterlinck
- Belgian
- plays about unknowingness
- strange mythical relation w the universe instead of w society
- The Intruder
- The Blind
-
Stephane Mallarme
- intellectual godfather of Symbolism
- school for poets and painters
- unofficial spokesperson for symbolism
-
Edward Martyn
- ardent Catholic
- v rich
- one of 4 founders of Irish Nat Theater
- George Moore's cousin and best friend
-
Vladimir Nemirovich-Danchenko
one of the founders of Moscow Art Theater
-
Friedrich Nietzche
- The Birth of Tragedy
- felt that tragedy was between ???
- Thus Spoke Zarathurstra
- Ubermensch
-
Alexander Ostrovsky
- 1st pro playwright
- The Poor Bride
- Enough Stupidity in Every Wise Man
- The Thunderstorm
-
Walter Pater
- aesthete movement
- art for art's sake
- parodies late 19th century society
- art must serve no function
-
Edgar Allen Poe
- hugely popular in France
- insisted that are not be didactic or educational
- talks about language, form over content
- antirealistic
-
Lennox Robinson
- Irish Theater writer/director
- The Big House
- The White Haired Boy
- director/manager of Abbey Theater
-
Edmond Rostand
- wrote Cyrano de Bergerac
- hero w big nose
- The Romancers (adapted into the Fantastics)
-
George Bernard Shaw
- wrote about 80 plays though he didn't start writing them until 40
- joined Fabian Society
- Didactic (Wants audience to come to his point of view)
- wins Nobel Prize in 1925
- "super realism"
-
Konstantin Stanislavski
- The Method
- 3 Books: "An Actor Prepares", "Building a Character", "Creating a Role"
- starts Moscow Art Theater
-
August Strindberg
- Scandinavian playwright
- wrote music, essays on politics and biology
- apparently a huge douche
- naturalistic
-
Ivan Turgenev
- musicals and melodramas
- A Month in the Country (1850)
- precedes realism in France
- not produced until 1872
-
-
Richard Wagner
- Opera
- "gesamtukstwerk" (putting design elements together)
- felt that 1 person should make all design choices
- writes all music,directs both actors and orchestra
- disliked realism
- opera>theater
- his theater was designed similarly to modern theater
- stage has privilege over audience
-
Oscar Wilde
- Aesthete movement playwright
- art for art's sake
-
WB Yeats
- 1/4 founder of the Irish Nat Theatre
- playwright
- preferred to keep politics separate from artÂ
- wrote 1 political play
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