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Basic Bio-pharmaceutics
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site of action
the location where an administered drug products an effect
receptor
the cellular material located at the site of action that interacts with the drugs
selective (action)
the characteristic of drug that makes its action specific to certain receptors and tissues
agonists
drugs that activate receptors to accelerate or slow normal cellular function
antagonists
drugs that bind with receptors but do not activate them. they block receptor action by preventing other drugs or substances from activating them.
Biopharmaceutics
the study of the factors associated with drug products and physiological processes and the resulting systematic concentration of drugs
minimum effective concentration (MEC)
the blood concentration needed for a drug to produce a response
onset of action
the time MEC is reached and response occurs
therapeutic window
a drug's blood concentration range between MEC and MTC
Minimum toxic concentration (MTC)
the upper limit of the therapeutic window. drug conentrations above the MTC increase risk of undesired effects.
Duration of action
the time drug concentration is above MEC
Disposition
a term sometimes used to refer to all of the ADME processes together
elimination
the processes of metabolism and excretion
passive diffusion
the movement of drugs from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration
lipoidal
fat-like substance
hydrophobic
water repelling; cannot associate with water
hydrophilic
capable of associating with or absorbing water
active transport
the movement of drugs from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration. cellular energy is required.
absorption
the movement of a drug from a dosage formulation to the blood
gastric emptying time
the time a drug will stay in the stomach before it is emptied into the small intestine
protein binding
the attachment of a drug molecule to a plasma or tissue protein, effectively making the drug inactive but also keeoing it within the body
complexation
when different molecules associate or attach to each other
metabolite
the substance resulting from the body's transformation of an administered drug
enzyme
a complex protein that catalyzes chemical reactions
enzyme induction
the increase in hepatic enzyme activity that results in greater metabolism of drugs
enzyme inhibition
the decrease in hepatic enzyme activity that results in reduced metabolism of drugs
enterohepatic cycling
the transfer of drugs and their metabolites from the liver to the bile in the gallbladder then into the intestine and then back into circulation
first-pass metabolism
the substantial degradation of an orally administered drug caused by enzyme metabolism in the liver before the drug reaches the systematic circulation
nephron
the functional unit of the kidneys
glomercular filteration
the blood filtering process of the nephron
pharmaceutical equivalent
drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredient in the same dosages form
pharmaceutical alternative
drug products that contain the same active ingredient but not necessarily in the same salt form amount or dosage form
therapeutic equivalent
pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients
bioavailability
the relative amount of an administered dose that reaches the general circulation and the rate at which this occurs
bioequivalency
the comparison of bioavailibilty between two dosage forms
Author
mnm2918
ID
31881
Card Set
Basic Bio-pharmaceutics
Description
Chapter 10
Updated
2010-08-30T20:50:20Z
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