Sociology 2nd test nagmita

Lifelong process beginning from birth and ends when one dies

Inborn, complex behavior pattern transmitted genetically to the offspring and universal in expression throughout the species.

Ex. Nest building by birds

a built in physiological action controlled through the autonomic nervous system.

Ex. blinking, sucking, knee jerk

Children raised by lower animals

Ex. Anna, Isabella, Genie etc.

Children receiving minimal contact with humans.

Ex. Anna, Isabella, Genie etc.

• 1. our imagination of how we appear to others
• 2. our imagination of how others judge our appearance.
• 3. we develop our self concept

• 1. Imitation- unconscious, play stage, taking on roles of whom ever, animal or human, they come across
• 2. game stage- knows the roles it should play for certain activities, like games. "generalized order"

Family, school, peer groups, and the mass media.

Status

• born into the status or automatically given. 
• Ex. age, sex

• status one strives for or puts effort for.
• ex. college student, senior, spouse, jobs

one's key status or the most important position of a person.

A group interacting individuals sharing the same territory and participating in a common culture.

The behavior one enacts in a particular status, which is partially dependent on the status of the other individual with whom one is interacting.

A cluster of roles attaches to a single status.

Exists when enactment of one role prevents a person from meeting his/her obligations in other roles. One negates the other.

Ex. Pacifist/military personel

Develops when a person incurs difficulty meeting all his or her role expectations in a particular status, at a particular time.

Ex. Working mother, college student/worker

We play a role, a role is complex. Status is occupied.

is the effort to control or influence other people's perceptions.

Human interaction is dependent upon time, place, and audience.

tells a lot about a person

• People who happen to be in the same place at the same time. 
• ex. passengers on a airplane; students waiting to cross the street.

Any number of people with similar norms, values, and expectations who regularly and consciously interact.

• a. recognize each other and one's self as members of the group.
• b. others recognize them as members of the group
• c. group members expect certain behavior from members they do not expect from nonmembers

2 people group, smallest and most fragile

3 people group, volatile and has potential for coalition formation and for conflict.

25 or less like a class size

more than 25

as size of group increases, the relations increase dramatically.

increasing 1 person

Primary groups

Primary groups

Primary groups

Primary groups

Primary group

Secondary groups

"we" social group with which people feel comfortable and identify with

• "They" social group where individuals do not belong and feel hostile and competitive towards
• ex. faternity - independents

comparison groups, influences person's behavior and attitudes regardless of membership.

• a. division of labor
• b. hierarchy of authority - chain of command
• c. rules and regulations
• d. impersonality or impersonal vs personal interaction; to help guarantee equal treatment
• e. employment based on technical qualifications promotions based on written personnel policies.

In a hierarchy every employee tends to rise to his/her level of incompetence- promotion if done good, no promotion is average

Large organizations tend to be dominated by a few leaders

• Common interest organizations whose members volunteer or pay to participate
• ex. boy scout, faternity

• people are forced to join and leave the group
• ex. prison

• formed for practical reasons
• ex. unions, universities

• emphasis on social system and population on a large scale.
• individual social agency, face-to-face

the process of learning a new and different set of attitudes, values, an behaviors fro those in one's background and pervious experiences

when one decides to change their lives have new norms be apart of a new society.

happens when individual is forced into a total institution where they are forced to  read just to a new lifestyle, with new norms and values

a place where a group of people is cut off from the wider community and their needs are under bureaucratic control

non group members learn to take on the values and standards of groups that they aspire to join, so as to ease their entry into the group and help them interact competently once they have been accepted by it.

• Qualitative difference between man and lower animals
• Assumes man possesses, through the evolutionary process, the biological makeup which enables man to develop language, mentality, self-consciousness and a rational human society
• Man is rational
• Theory has a behavioristic basis (social behavior)

Is the presence in behavior of significant symbols.