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Behavioral indicators of infectious disease. (6)
- Increased: lethargy/ sleepiness, pain sensitivity (hyperalgesia)
- Decreased: appetite, locomotor activity, grooming, exploration/ social/ sexual behavior
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What is the physiologic reason for anorexia, lethargy, and decreased exploratory/ social/ sexual behavior in a cow with an infectious disease?
inflammatory cytokines from macrophages: IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα
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What technologies are used to study behavior in dairy cows? (4)
electronic feedbins, accelerometers and rumination collars, video cameras
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In the first 48 hrs after onset of mastitis infection, what behavioral indicators change? (2)
lower feed intake, lower rumination
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How does mastitis affect lying time?
- decreased lying on the side with the infected quarter
- increased "idle" standing time (reduced activity)
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Cows with metritis are _________ likely to get a DA.
less
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Cows with subclinical ketosis after calving...
eat less beginning 1 week before calving.
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Cows with clinical ketosis after calving...
spend less time lying beginning 1 week before calving.
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Lameness leads to... (4)
- less time spent feeding
- lower ruminations
- more time lying (depending on stall surface- no difference with mattresses b/c they're just as uncomfortable as standing)
- more time perching during transition period
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What is our use for behavioral indicators of disease? (4)
- use behavioral changes to diagnose disease
- use behavioral changes to help develop suitable hospital pens
- identify management practices that might cause certain behaviors
- monitor behavior to detect the "at-risk" individuals
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