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- 1: Horizontal Plane
- 2: Transverse Plane
- 3: Saggital Plane
- 4: Coronal Plane
- 5: Dorsal
- 6: Ventral
- 8: Rostral
- 9: Caudal
- 10: Ventral
- 11: Dorsal
- 12: Ventral
- 13: Rostral
- 14: Caudal
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- 1: Coronal Plane
- 2: Sagittal Plane
- 3: Axial Plane
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What constitutes the main nervous system?
Brain and spinal cord (encased by bone)
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What constitutes the peripheral nervous system?
- Cranial nerves
- Spinal nerves
- Peripheral ganglia
- This is encased by a vertebral column
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What are the 6 main subdivisions of the CNS?
- 1: Spinal cord
- 2: Medulla
- 3: Pons and cerebellum
- 4: Midbrain
- 5: Diencephalon (made up of the thalamus and hypothalamus)
- 6: Cerebral hemispheres
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On which basis is the brain divided?
- Gross appearance: e.g., gray matter vs white matter
- Landmarks, e.g., sulci
- Histology (cell anatomy)
- Cytoarchitecture (cell composition)
- Chemoarchitecture (distribution of neurotransmitters)
- Projection patterns
- Functional considerations
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Label this (I fucked the numbers up, add 1 to every number)
- 1: Scalp
- 2: Skull
- 3: Choroid plexus
- 4: Massa Intermedia
- 5: Corpus Callosum
- 6: Thalmus
- 7: Midbrain
- 8: Tentorium
- 9: Fourth ventricle
- 10: Pons
- 11: Cerebellum
- 12: Choroid Plexus
- 13: Medulla
- 14: Spinal Cord
- 15: Pituitary Gland
- 16: Third Ventricle
- 17: Layers of Meninges
- 18: Cingulate Gyrus
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- 1: Dorsal root ganglion
- 2: Dorsal root
- 3: Afferent axon
- 4: To brain
- 5: Dura Mater
- 6: Arachnoid Membrane
- 7: Pia Mater
- 8: Spinal nerve
- 9: Vertebra
- 10: Fat tissue
- 11: Subarachnoid space
- 12: Spinal cord
- 13: Motor neuron
- 14: Efferent axon
- 15: Ventral root
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What is a white matter tract?
White matter with a common destination or origin
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What is a white matter Fasciculus, funiculus, peduncle or brachium?
A distinct collection of nerve fibers (may contain many tracts)
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What is a white matter lemiscus?
Ascending fibres in the brainstem
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How much cerebrospinal fluid can be found in an average adult human?
125 ml
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Where is cerebrospinal fluid produced?
Choroid plexus (mainly in the lateral ventricles)
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What is hydrocephalus?
- There is an obstruction in the flow of cerebrospinal fluid
- This increases pressure within the brain, and can lead to damage
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What are the meninges?
- Three membranous envelopes: pia mater, arachnoid and dura mater
- Cover the brain and spinal cord to offer protection to the CNS
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What is this the distribution of?
Noradrenaline
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What is this the distribution of?
Dopamine
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What is this the distribution of?
Acetylcholine
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What is this the distribution of?
Serotonin
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