Chapter_11_-_13

Extermity; top

Enlargement of many skeletal structures, including the extremities, nose, forehead, and jaw

Gland

Benign tumor of a gland

Adrenal

Excision of the adrenal gland

Male; man

Substance producing male characteristics such as the hormone testosterone

Calcium

Excessive amounts of calcium in the blood

To secrete

Specialist in the study of diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the endocrine glands and their hormones

The study of the diagnosis and treatment of endocrine disorders

Female

Female sex hormones

Sugar

Production of sugar

Production of sugar from fats and proteins

Sugar

Breakdown of sugars

Excessive amounts of sugar in the blood

Deficient amounts of sugar in the blood

Glycogen (storage form of sugar)

Breakdown of glycogen to form glucose

• Gonads; sex glands
• (testes and ovaries)

Condition characterized by excessive secretion of gonadal hormones (resulting in early sexual developement)

Woman

Abnormal enlargement of the male breast

Same

A balanced, yet sometimes varying, state

Insulin

Condition characterized by decreased amounts of insulin secretion (resulting in hyperglycemia)

Potassium

Excessive amounts of potassium in the blood

Sodium

Deficient amounts of sodium in the blood

Pancreas

Produced by the pancreas

Parathyroid gland

Condition characterized by excessive secretion of parathormone (resulting in loss of calcium from the bone)

Pituitary gland

Condition characterized by a deficiency of all pituitary hormones (resulting in dwarfism and a deterioration of secondary sex characteristics)

Thyroid gland; sheild

Normal thyroid gland

Normal; good

Producing

Production

Radioactive

Safe

Condition characterized by excessive secretion of the thyroid hormones (resulting in goiter, an enlarged thyroid gland, and exophthalmos, an abnormal protrusion of the eyes)

Inflammation of the thyroid gland

Process of cutting into the thyroid gland

Urea (end product of protein breakdown, found in urine)

A hormone the prevents the loss of excessive amounts of urine

Analysis of a mixture to identify its content

Blood test used to identify hormonal levels in blood plasma. The hormones are labeled with radioactive substance.

To secrete

Hormones secreted by the endocrine glands into the bloodstream

Glands that secrete chemicals into ducts

Thirst

Excessive thirst

To grow

Another name for anterior pituitary gland. So named because the anterior pituitary is made up of glandular tissue.

Another name for posterior pituitary gland. The root indicates that the posterior pituitary is made up of neural tissue.

Stimulating

Pituitary hormone that stimulates the adrenal cortex to produce and secrete its own hormone.

Pitutiary hormone that stimulates the gonads to produce and secrete their own hormones

Pituitary hormone that stimulates growth of body tissues

Body

Sharp; quick

Pituitary hormone that quickens chilbirth by causing uterine contractions

Labor

To draw together

To expand

Vessel

Process of recording a blood vessel using x-rays following injection of a contrast medium

Surgical repair of stenosed (narrowed) blood vessels

Sudden, involuntary contraction of a blood vessel; vasospasm

Aorta

Narrowing of the aorta

Incision into the aorta

Pertaining to across the aorta

Artery

Process of recording the arteries using x-rays and following injection of a contrast medium

Small arteries

Small

Hardening of the arteries (due to the loss of elasticity of the arterial walls)

Narrowing of an artery

Removal of the inner lining of the arterial wall

Fatty Debris; fatty plaque

Fatty mass or debris

Accumulation of fatty debris on the inner wall; a type of arteriosclerosis

Excision or removal of fatty debris (from an arterial wall)

Atrium (upper chamber o the heart)

Wall between the atria

Heart

Specialist in the study of the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease and disorders

The study of the heart, including the diagnosis and treatment of heart disorders

Enlarged heart

Record of the electrical activity of the heart

Pertaining to the heart muscle

Disease of the heart muscle

Inflammation of all the walls of the Heart

Inflammation of the pericardium

Structure surrounding the heart

Crown

The arteries that supply the heart with blood

Sound

Record of the heart produced by high-frequency sound waves

Plug

A plug of clotted blood that is transported through the bloodstream by the blood current

Hold back

A hold back of blood to the heart muscle

Vein

Abnormal condition of clots in a vein

Clot

Inflammation of a vein with clot formation

Rhythm

Deviation from the normal heart rhythm

Hardening

Injection of a solution into a vein for the purpose of destroying the vein's inner lining by hardening.

A blood clot that obstructs a blood vessel

Valve

Surgical repair of a valve

Twisted and swollen

Twisted, swollen superficial veins, typically of the saphenous vein o the lower leg

Vessel

Pertaining to no blood vessels

Disturbance in the flow of blood to one or more parts of the brain; commonly know as a stroke

Escape of fluid into the surroinding tissue; for example, the escape of blood from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue

Narrowing of a vessel; vasospasm

Widening of the vessel; angiectasis

Vein

Pertaining to a vein

Small vein

Ventricle (lower chamber of the heart)

Pertaining to the wall between ventricles

Dilation; dilatation; stretching

Dilation of a blood vessel; vasodilation

Slow

Slow heartbeat

Fast

Fast heartbeat

Granules

Fat

Normal

Variation; irregular

Accumulation of fluid

Pertaining to formation

One

Color

Excessive pigmented red blood cells above normal

Under-pigmented red blood cells

Normally pigmented red blood cells

Red

Red blood cell

Blood

Breakdown of blood

Specialist in the study of blood and blood disorders

Study of blood and blood disorders

White

White blood cell

Bone marrow

Produced by the bone marrow

Resembling bone marrow

Network

A young red blood cell characterized by a network of granules with the cell membrane

Clot

Clotting cell; platelet

Breakdown of a clot that has formed in the blood

Blood clot; abnormal condition of clot formation

Immature

Immature blood cell

Immature lymphocyte, type of white blood cell

Immature monocyte, type of white blood cell

Separate

A laboratory tesy that determines the percentage of erythrocytes in a blood sample

Increase in the number of cells

Unequal

Increased variation in the size of cells, particularly red blood cells

Marked increase in the number of white blood cells

Increased variation in the shape of cells, particularly red blood cells

Blood condition

Lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin content in the blood

Abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells

Above normal levels of bilirubin in the blood

Above normal levels of cholesterol in the blood

Above normal levels of fats in the blood

Malignant increase in the number of white blood cells in the blood; considered a form of cancer

Deficient; decrease

Decrease in the number of red blood cells; erythropenia

Decrease in the number of white blood cells; leukopenia

Decrease in the number of all blood cells

Decrease in the number of clotting cells; thrombopenia

Transmission; carry

A laboratory test in which substances in a mixture, usually proteins, are separated by an electrical current

Production; manufacture; formation

Production of red blood cells

Production of blood cells

Hormones regulating the production of various cell types

A hormone in the kidneys that stimulates the production of red blood cells

Stoppage; controlling

Stoppage of blood

Immunity; safe

Inadequate immune response

Study of the immune system; study of how the body responds to foreign substances

Lymph node

Inflammation of the lymph nodes

Disease (particularly enlargement) of lymph nodes

Lymph vessels

Process of recording the lymph vessels by the use of x-rays, following injection of a contrast medium

Inflammation of the lymph vessels

Lymph

Accumulation of interstitial fluid due to obstruction of lymphatic structures

Tumor of lymphatic structures

Spleen

Enlargement of the spleen

Hemorrhage from spleen

Suture of spleen

Thymus gland

Excision of half the thymus gland

An immune response to one's own body tissue; destruction of one's own cells by the immune system

Pertaining to a place

Fluid placed or lying between the tissue spaces