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Enzymes for Lecture Exam 2

  1. what is the decomposition rate of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) by itself?
    slow
  2. what is the decomposition rate of Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) with Fe filings?
    Fast
  3. When is the decomposition rate of Hydrogen Peroxide the fastest with what mixed in?
    a catalase
  4. An enzyme is what type of catalase?
    organic
  5. What is the Enzyme activity overall equation?
    E + S = ES = E + P
  6. what does the E stand for in the enzyme activity overall equation?
    enzyme
  7. what does the S stand for in the enzyme activity overall equation?
    substrate
  8. what does the ES stand for in the enzyme activity overall equation?
    enzyme substrate complex
  9. what does the P stand for in the enzyme activity overall equation?
    Products
  10. what does the allosteric effector do?
    changes the shape of the active site
  11. enzymes are classified as what?
    proteins
  12. what is the meaning of the word enzymes?
    in yeast
  13. what are three ways humans use enzymes?
    • - to make bread (unleavened bread; fluffier bread (CO2))
    • - to make wine (alcohol)
    • - sugar + yeast = alcohol + CO2
  14. what did Büchner (1897) do?
    yeast cell-free extract = still get fermentation
  15. What did James summer (1926) do?
    jack bean/ urease = protein (nobel prize)
  16. a --> b --->c 

    This explains how enzymes work
    what do the letters represent?
    What do the arrows represent?
    What is this possible for?
    • letters are the organic compounds in a cell
    • arrows are the possible reactions
    • Possible for chaos
  17. enzyme reaction rates are usually?
    slow under mild conditions
  18. By producing specific enzymes, which speed up specific reactions, cells cause what?
    order to emerge from potential chaos
  19. Number of substrate molecules converted to products by one enzyme molecule in one second is what?
    turnover number
  20. What are the three factors that cause enzyme inactivation?
    • 1. elevated temperature (proteins are complicated, fragile, molecules).
    • 2. PH away from optimum pH (affects charges on protein).
    • 3. Chemicals (only required in small amounts= poisons)
  21. opitimum temperature is?
    the temperature that has the fastest reaction of an enzyme
  22. Optimum PH is?
    the PH level where the fastest reaction of an enzyme occurs
  23. many enzymes consist of a protein portion called?
    apoenzyme
  24. what is the non-protein portion of an enzyme called?
    prosthetic group or coenzyme
  25. Many coenzymes are what?
    vitamins
  26. the apoenzyme and the coenzyme make up the complete enzyme, the complete enzyme is called?
    Holoenzyme
  27. enzymes possess small amounts of ____ which is necessary for the activity of the enzyme?
    metal ions or metalloenzymes
  28. metalloenzymes are reffered to as what?
    activators
  29. what attacks the iron of oxidizing enzymes?
    cyanide (CN-)
  30. CN- inhibits the human enzyme?
    cytochrome oxidase
  31. Because CN- has the human enzyme what are the two results?
    1. cells cannot use oxygen for cellular respiration

    2. the organism (obligate aerobe) dies in an “ocean” of oxygen
  32. When an enzyme picks up the wrong coenzyme or slightly twisted one what happens?
    it becomes inhibited
  33. A _____ is necessary to all forms of life
    folic acid
  34. A Folic Acid contains what?
    • - consists of 3 parts: A-B-C
    • - the middle part is called PABA
    • - p-aminobenzoic acid is shaped something like sulfanilamide
  35. Some germs cannot tell the difference between what?
    sulfanilamide and the correct (PABA) “middle part” of folic acid.
Author
gabby12142
ID
318063
Card Set
Enzymes for Lecture Exam 2
Description
bio 103
Updated

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