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What are clinical signs of abdominal pain? (7)
pawing, kicking at abdomen, yawning, straining to urinate, rolling (shavings on back), looking at their side, getting cast in stall (trying to stay on back)
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Lying down/increased recumbency is commonly seen with ____________, such as... (3)
milder forms of colic; colon displacements, impactions, peritonitis
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Getting cast in the stall is usually a sign of __________.
gastric ulcers
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Acute, severe pain that you cannot control with drugs indicates...
a severe lesions that MUST BE ADDRESSED IMMEDIATELY- colonic torsion, fecolith, incarceration of proximal SI, SI volvulus
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A more insidious onset of pain indicates... (2)
incomplete luminal obstruction (large colon displacement, cecal impaction, short intussusception) or luminal/extraluminal obstruction of distal SI (ileal impaction, hernia)
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____________ is ample reason for surgical exploration.
Severe, unrelenting pain in the absence of other clinical signs
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Describe the clinical work up for a colic. (6)
temperature, pulse, respiration, auscult abdomen and thorax, MMs, sclera
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Most colic cases have a(n) ___________ temperature.
normal
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If a colicky horse has a fever, consider... (3)
colitis, anterior enteritis, peritonitis (all medical conditions)
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If a colicky horse is hypothermic, consider... (1)
endotoxic shock.
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Tachycardia in a colic case is most commonly associated with __________.
pain
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Bowel hypomotility on auscultation indicates... (2)
inflammation (late colitis) and ischemia/severely injured bowel
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Bright red injected MMs indicate...
early endotoxemia/sepsis--> ship immediately
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Dark red/purple injected MMs indicate...
very sick horse, do abdominocentesis (something probably ruptured already...grave prognosis)
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Pale MMs indicate... (2)
[after foaling] uterine artery rupture--> anemia; [young horses] splenic rupture
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What causes of colic can commonly be externally palpated? (2)
umbilical hernia, scrotal hernia
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If you have a high HR on a colicky horse, what is the first thing you do?
NG tube and actively reflux the stomach
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If a horse is actively refluxing, what should you not do?
do NOT give any oral treatments
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NG reflux has high specificity for __________.
small intestine obstruction (you won't get reflux from a large colon problem)
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