NW203 Ch4_text

Microsoft’s directory-based network architecture.

A server on a network whose primary function is to hold and manage application executables, files, and data.

The action of tracking and recording network activity, usually in regard to user activity.

The method by which client demand for access to a web server can be regulated to manage access in times of high demand.

Network model that connects multiple PCs, called clients, to a single computer, called a server, which distributes data and resources to the network.

A service that combines LAN, WAN, and management functionality necessary to offer IT-related capabilities as a service to clients.

A user password that is designed to be difficult to guess, typically requiring at least three of the following: uppercase letters, lowercase letters, numbers, and non-alphanumeric characters, and to be of a minimum significant length, like six characters.

• Directory object A directory services network entity, such as a user or computer.
• Directory services network A network model in which everything on the network, including users, computers, and shared resources, is maintained in a centralized directory. Also known as a directory-based network.
• Directory-based network A centralized network architecture model that provides support for centralized user, security, and resource management. Also known as a directory services architecture.
• Domain controller Directory-based network server responsible for maintaining the directory of network objects and managing user authentication and authorization.
• Domain member A directory object assigned to a domain, typically referring to a user or computer.
• Domain tree A group of hierarchically related domains.
• Economies of scale The increase in efficiency of production as the quantity of goods increases.
• Enterprise network A large network that contains multiple servers and typically integrates wide area links.
• File server A server on a network whose primary function is to serve as a repository for network user files.
• Forest A logical group of domains.
• Heterogeneous networking Environments that have a mix of hardware platforms, operating systems, and server applications.
• Hidden cost Network operational costs that are not readily apparent.
• Host name A unique identifier assigned to a device on a network used to access the device.
• Host name resolution A process through which a hostname identification is connected to an IP address, thus allowing communications between systems and devices on a network.
• Host-based network Network architecture that relies on a central server to control all communications and clients that were capable of very minimal processing.
• Hybrid network A network architecture based on a combination of other types of network architectures.
• Macintosh Plus An Apple computer that offered an early version of peer-to-peer networking.
• Member server A directory-based network server.
• Messaging server A server on a network whose primary function is to manage messages between network devices, for example, e-mail, and broadcast messaging.
• Multiserver network A network that implements multiple servers in various roles.
• Network architecture A method of describing the logical design of a network of computers and how they interact.
• Network topology Describes the physical connections between devices on a network.
• Object model A directory model in which all network models are treated as objects that can be clearly defined and described.
• Peer-to-peer network A small network architecture in which individual computers are connected directly to one another and can act as both a server and a client.
• Print job Files sent to the print server by a network user, waiting to access the printer.
• Print queue A collection of files awaiting access to the printer on a printer server.
• Print server A server on a network whose primary function is to control network user access to shared printers.
• Resource server Any server that provides shared resources to a network.
• Root domain Uppermost domain in a domain tree and the root of the domain hierarchical structure.
• Segment Physical network division within a larger physical network.
• Server application Specialized applications that run on server NOSs and provide resources or special services to network clients.
• Server-side scripting A method of providing a unified look and feel for web pages through the hosting server.
• Share-level security Security method used in peer-to-peer networking with access permissions based on password-protected resource shares.
• Simple file sharing Windows XP file sharing method where all workgroup members have the same access permissions. Common on peer to peer networks.
• Single point of failure In the context of networking architectures, the term referring to a resource that, when it fails, causes the network has a whole to fail. Typically associated with hubs or switches.
• Spooler file A file on a print server that contains the list of print files waiting to be printed.
• Spooling The process by which files waiting to be printed on a print server are ordered to provide access to the printer.
• Telnet A software application that allows a user to log on to a remote computer as if the user were sitting at that computer and using its resources.
• Total cost of ownership (TCO) The complete cost of operating a network including the costs of hardware, software, maintenance, and administration.
• User management A feature available in some PC operating systems that allows the user to assign unique user name and password combinations for resources available on that system.
• Virtual hosting The method by which one system is able to serve as a host for multiple domain names, thus allowing several systems to share a single IP address and the host system to share resources, such as memory, processor cycles, etc.
• Web server A specialized application server whose primary function is to server content to clients through the Internet.
• Windows for Workgroups 3.11 An early Microsoft Windows version that supported peer-to-peer networking.
• Workgroup A logical peer-to-peer network grouping.
• Workgroup name Name used to uniquely identify a workgroup on a network.