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allotrope
different types of the same element(atoms are bonded together differently)
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activated carbon
very fine carbon particles with a high surface area(used as a gas filter)
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fullerene
(bucky balls)black solids in which carbons are held together by dispersion forces, very soluble in nonpoler substances
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nanotube
cosist of intrconnected c6 rings, can have stuff put inside, very strong
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isomer
same number of each kind of atom but put together differently
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structural isomer
molecules with the same molecular formula but different structures
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geometric isomer
cis/trans
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optical isomers
- 2 molecules that are not superimposable mirrors of one another
- (polarize and light)
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chiral
- a molecule thatis not superimposable on its mirror image and thus exihibits optical isomerism
- chiral center has all dif bonds
- ibeprofen has 2 dif forms
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skeeton formula
just the lines
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structural formula
everything drawn where it rlly is
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condensed structure
dont draw all the h's where they belong, intead write ..ch3-ch3
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alkane
saturated hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons with only single bonds. CnH2n+2
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alkene
unsaturad hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons with at least 1 double bond CnH2n
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Alkyne
unsaturated hydrocarbons, hydrocarbon with at least 1 triple bond, CnH2n-2
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cis & trans isomer
- same group on same C atom=doesnt have cis or trans
- if the smae group is on the same side of the double bond=cis(cis/side)
- if the same group is on the opposite side of the double bond=trans (transport to the opposite side)
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functional group
- a characteristic atom or group of atoms that implies certain chemical propertiesto an organic compound
- memorize chart
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hydrogen bonding
very strong dipole dipole bonds
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dipole -dipole
atrractions btw polar molecules
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dispersion
- (london) (vander...)
- temporary dipole, electron cloud, strong with ore atoms as a total
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ion dipole
- water and NaCl
- dipoles surond the ions
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