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7 Baltimore viral genome classes
- I (& +VII) - dsDNA Transcribe - strand
- II - ssDNA (+)
- III - dsRNA (+/-)
- IV - ssRNA (+)
- V - ssRNA (-)
- VI - ssRNA (+) - Retrovirus
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DNA word hypthesis
Viruses introduced DNA to cells which adopted it
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Bacteriophage Φ X714
- Circular ssDNA genome
- Icosahedral head
- Small genome (lots of overlap)
- + -> - -> +++
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Bacteriophage T7
- E. coli
- Icosahderal head (short tail)
- Replication controlled by gene order
- T7 DNA polymerase; terminal repeats, concatemers (adjacent multiple repeats)
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Bacteriophage Mu
- Icosahedral head, helical tail, six "legs"
- Mutator phage - induces mutations
- Temperate
- Genome integrated by transposase
- Requires much repressor to remain lysogenic
- Packaged with 5bp host DNA on ends
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Archael viruses
dsDNA only
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Pox viruses
DNA rep. in cytoplasm
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Adenoviruses
- Icosahedral, linear dsDNA
- Respiratory
- Nuclear repl. (Needs primers, no lagging strand)
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Polyomavirus SV40
- Tumor inducer (nonpermissive cells; DNA int.)
- Underdeveloped virion, icosahedral head
- No enzymes in virion
- Small (overlap), circular genome
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MS2
- + RNA virus (transient - for repl.)
- Attach e.coli pilus
- Host and own machinary to translate
- Gene overlap
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Poliovirus
- Small
- Host RNA and protein synth. inhibited on replication
- Autocleaving polyprotein peptide
- VPg facillitates mRNA binding to host ribosome
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Coronaviruses
- Larger
- Respiratory (incl SARS)
- Enveloped
- Club-like glycoproteins on surface
- monocistronic mRNA
- Repl. in cytoplasm
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Rhabadovirus
- - Strand (complimentary to mRNA)
- Rabies
- Vesicular stomatitis (farm animals)
- Two RNA transcripts (structural mRNA and complete copy +)
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How many steps in - RNA translation
Two, transcription of sense strand, translation of transcript
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Influena
- Pleomorphic
- Segmented genome
- Interactive surface proteins
- Hemagglutinin - Erythrocyte clumping; Vaccine
- Neuraminidase - Sialic acid breakdown (membrane); drug inhibition
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Antigenic shift
- Portions of genetically distinct RNA genomes of virus infecting the same cell are reassorted
- Unique surface produced hides from immune system
- Alters heamagluttinin and aminidase
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Reoviruses
- Nonenveloped nucleocapsid
- Double icosehedral shell
- Viral enzymes synthesize new RNA
- Segmented genome
- Cytoplasmic repl.
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Retroviruses
- Reverse transcriptase; RNA dependant DNA synth., RNAase-H, DNA dependant activity
- gag (structural prot.), pol (polyprotein), env (envelope)
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Hepadnaviruses
- Small irregular virions
- Genomes tiny, partially stranded
- RNA intermediate for replicaiton (reverse transcriptase)
- Four transcripts (largest used for genome repl.)
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Viroid
Infectious RNA with no protein coat
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