Relies on observation to form an idea or hypothesis rather than trying to understand life from a nonphysical or spiritual point of view.
Empirical though.
Whose idea influenced Darwin? He was an englich economist.
Thomas Malthus
Whare are the two factors that could lead to evolution in generation to generation?
Genetic Variation and Natural selection
Who was the rival naturalist that was going to publish his work before Darwin?
Alfred Wallace
A fossile that displays an intermediate state between an ancestral form and the form of its descendants.
Transitional form
This is the study of geographic distribution of extinct and living species.
Biogeography
THis means that a species is naturally found only in a particular location.
Endemic
THis type of eveolution is when two different species from different lineages have independently evolved similar characteristics because they occupy similar environments.
Convergent evolution
The similar characteristics betweem two seperate species is called?
Analogous structures or convergent traits.
Refers to a program and procedure designed to modify traits in domestic species.
Selective breeding or artificial selection
Refers to a similarity taht occurs due to descent from a common ancestor.
Homology
structures that are similar to each other because they are derived from a common ancestor.
Anatomical Homologies or homologous structures.
are anatomical features that have no current function but resemble structures of their presumed ancestors
Vestigial structures
Another example of homology is the way that animals undergo embryonic development. Species that differ substantially at the adult stage often bear striking similarities during early stages of embryonic development
Develomental homologies
The most compelling observation at the molecular level indicating that modern life-forms are derived from a common ancestor is revealed by analyzing genetic sequences and finding genetic homologies
Molecular homologies
When two or more genes are derived from the same ancestral gene, they are called
They are called homologous genes
Homologous genes that are in different species are termed
Orthologs
two or more homologous genes found within a single species are termed?
paralogs
consists of two or more copies of paralogous genes within the genome of a single species
Gene Family
New genes in eukaryotes have evolved from
exon shuffling
During the evolution of eukaryotic species, many new genes have been produced by a type of mutation known as
exon shuffling
new species arise from pre-existing species by the accumulation of genetic changes, such as gene mutations, gene duplications, and exon shuffling
Vertical evolution
process in which an organism incorporates genetic material from another organismwithout being the offspring of that organism
Horizontal gene transfer
Evolution at the genomic level involves changes in the chromosome