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What are the seven requirements of life ? (MRSGREN)
Movement, Respire, Stimuli, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrients
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What is the cell theory?
- 1. Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life
- 2. All living organisms are built of one or more cells
- 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells
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What are microscopic meters measured in?
Micrometers
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What is the outer boundary of a cell known as?
Plasma membrane
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What is the correct terminology for DNA?
Deoxyribose nuclic acid
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What are the two types of cells?
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
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Are eukaryotic cells larger or smaller than prokaryotic cells?
Larger
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Are cells walls present in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
Yes
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What is the job of mitochondria?
To make energy out of food
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cytoplasm Is the material between the cell membrane and the...?
nucleus
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What are the special internal structures within a cell?
Organelles
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the word cellular comes from Latin and means....?
small compartments
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to understand the size of a cell, we need to understand the concept of SA:V. What does SA:V stand for?
surface area-to-volume ratio
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what are the two type of microscopes?
Optical and electron microscopes
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what are the parts on a microscope?
Eyepiece, course focus, tube, fine focus, revolving nosepiece, arm and base.
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What are cell walls?
Provides the support in a cell holds everything together found in eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
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What's a nucleus?
the control centre of the cell, can be seen on a light microscope, the membrane surrounding the nucleus is known as the nuclear envelope
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mitochondria
- Site of energy production (cellular respiration)
- present in all eukaryotes
- absent in prokaryotes
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ribosomes
- Ribosomes are the organelles where protein production/synthesis occurs
- present in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes.
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endoplasmic reticulum
transports substances within the cell via its series of membranous channels, continues on from the nuclear envelope
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golgi complex
- responsible for packaging and transporting meterials out of the cell
- made up of stacks of membranous sacs
- only present in eukaryotes.
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Lysosomes
- Contains digestive enzymes which help with
- the digestion of large molecules within a cell
- programmed cell death
- present only in eukaryotes
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chloroplasts
- Site of photosynthesis
- absent in prokaryotes
- present in all plant and some protist cells
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vacuole
- Present in plant cells
- very large in plant cells
- small in animal cells
- gives the plant structural support
- filled with fluids (mostly water) that contains a number of different materials
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