Chapter 5--Where People Live

Developmental trends in psychometric intelligence: B= f(P,E)

• B= behavior
• P= person
• E= environment

Objective aspects of environment as well as personal choice are important

• the theoretical upper limit of a person's capacity to function; ability to accomplish something
• --> physical health, sensory-perceptual skills, motor skills, cognitive skills, and ego strength

environments can be classified on the basis of the varying demands they place on the person called this

where behavior and affect are normal

Competence and environmental press are at a helathy mix; you can function appropriately and the environment isn't putting much strain on you

If someone isn't meeting the potential but has the ability to, slight increases in press improve their performance. AKA: you push them to meet the potential

if you push too hard

slight decreases creates this

live happily without societal demands

low competence

high competence

poor fit

explains how life stressors and lack of good congruence in person-environment interactions results in poor life outcomes

preventative adaptations

corrective adaptations

actions that avoid stressors and increase or build social resources

actions taken in response to stressors and can be facilitated by internal and external resources

coorective adaptations

They have a mentality of "I used to be able to do this" and so attempt to do it as usual until something goes wrong

you're constantly going between preventative and corrective

• harmful
• beneficial
• irrelevant

a person's potential ability to perform a wide range of activities considered essential for independent living

mortality is close

• environmental psych;
• seeks to understand the dynamic relations between older adults and the environments they inhabit

balancing environmental press and competence through selection and compensation

• Importatn for self-esteem
• strong emotional ties to home--can be traumatic
• sense of belonging is key

self-indentity

does the individual have significant cognitive or physical impairment requiring intervention

the individual needs to be part of the decision making

get a physician's diagnsotic evaluation

open, honest communication

hellping people deal with tasks of daily living by modifiying the enviroment

some are minor; others are expensive

all about "fit"

emergiing ADU dwellings, such as granny pods

designed to provide support, companionship , and certain services during the day

God is to delay plaement of more formal care setting

social services, meals, recreation, and minor health care

more intensive health care, therapy, for serious medical problems

Specialized care for dementia or developmental disabilities

Profit < non-profit

apartment complex for olde adults (shared meals/ affordable)

differs from assisted living in levels of service

least expensive--cost subsidized

residents must be capable of independent living and not require continual med care, kow were they are and oriented to time, no evidence of disruptive behavior, able to make independent decisions, be able to follow specific service plans

a supportive living arrangment for people who need assistance with personal care but are not physically or mentally impaired to requrie 24-hour care

• as much like a single family house as possible
• emphasizes personal control, choice, dignity,and autonomy
• should meet routine services and special neesd

1) utilize checklist to ensure the selected facility meets the specific requirements of the individual

• 2) Costs average about 35K a year
• 3) Not offset by Medicare
• 4) medicaid may subsuize if individual's finalce situation melts
• Government assistance expexted to be limited to the future
• independed apartments of similar units

over age eighty five

female

recently admitted to hospital

lives in retirement housing rather than being a homowner

WIdowed or divorced 

Has no kids or siblings nearby

Has some cognitive impairment

Has one or more problems with IADL

mental and physical

• 80%= mental or physical proble 
• 1/3= mobility, eating, incontinence
• 30-50% for clinical depression

goal is to find the optimal level of environment support for people of low levels of competence

Quality of Life, Quality of Care, Safety, Other

Person centered

Perceived level of personal control

must have the right level of environmental support to provide additional care when the person's competence level continues to decline

memory aids shoud be built into the unit

special care for severely cognitively impaired residents

staff with specific training-- research based staff training

patronizing speech

infantilization or elderspeach

based on stereotypes of incompetence and dependence

slower, exaggerted intonation, higher pitch, increased volume, etc

secondary baby talk

inappropriate use of first names

terms of endearment--honey/ sweetie

assumption of greater impairment than may be the case

cajoling to demand compliance

crucial

if the staff are happy, then that means the residents are happy

staff satisfaction leads to resident satisfaction as they have staff care and social interaction etc.