theatre history test 1

JAPAN. post-modern, decontructionalist; nationalistic, anti-Western; refers to an earlier age

f. 1963 by Peter Shuman- uses enormous puppets- created a theatre of argument, politically charged and influential in the 60s and 70s. moved out of NY into small-town Vermont; still working today as a traditional left-wing, social justice theater

• f. by Joe Cino, 1958, 8x8 space in the back of his coffee shop 
• promoted the careers of Sam Shephard, Bernadette Peters, Al Pacino, Lanford Wilson,etc.
• increased exposure for early gay/queer theater

• main Irish theatre companies of the 1980s and early 1990s
• foregrounded the experience of women in society

• founded by Brian Friel and Stephen Ray
• considered themselves the 5th province of Ireland
• housed in Derry (or possibly Londonderry)

• female experimental company
• founded 1962 by Ellen Stewart
• worked in fashion industry and suddenly decided to work in theater

• founded 1947 before off-off-b'way
• Julian Beck and Judith Malina
• regarded theater as a medium for social change

• fused camp,mime,poetry and art/animation
• wanted to be sensationalists
• founded by Lee Breuer and Ruth Maleczech

• founded in 1970 by Lyn Meadow
• semi-experimental plays like Buried Child or True West

founded by Lord Laurence Olivier and Kenneth Tynan

• founded 1967 by David Hayes
• fluent in ASL
• performers are all deaf

radical feminist theater

• off-shoot of the Living Theater in 1960
• started by Joseph Chaikin and Peter Feldman
• performed the The Serpant as an attempt to present an interpretation of the Bible

founded by Richard Schechner

• 1960
• notable directors are Peter Hall and Peter Brook
• leading company for Willy Shakes and experimental theater in mid 60s
• moved to Barbican Theater in 80s and then to Old Vic (and others)

• Wooster Group
• Post-modernist
• post-structuralist
• members included Willem Dafoe and Spalding Gray

• Japan
• literal translation:modern drama
• socialist-realism and Stalin-esque quality where the function of any artistic effort is to support the state
• v political, left-wing
• advance a political agenda

• division of shingeki
• mostly communist

division of shingeki

• division of shingeki
• aesthetic movement where art is art and apolitical

• founded 1974 by Gary Sinise and John Malkovich
• early 80s BWay transfer of productions like True West
• notable regional theater

• developed by Augusto Boal
• involved creating a spect-actor out of audience members

• founded in 1924 by Osanai Kauro 
• inspired by Tsubochi Shoyo
• run by Osanai and Hijikata
• produced The Hermit in 1926
• collapsed in 1929

• 6137 performances
• wildly successful

• by Roth Hochhutch
• critique from within Germany about Catholic Church and Pope Pius XII not doing enough to prevent Holocaust

• 1960s play by Peter Nichols
• initially forbidden by Lord Chamberlain
• about a girl with cerebal palsy which Nichol's daughter also had

• based on Bacchae
• mostly improvised
• still more mainstream than avant garde

• longest running play in American theater history
• ran from 1960-2002

• one of the 1st BWay musicals to use nudity onstage
• represented counter culture of 1960s
• 1st real success of Public Theatre

• japanese absurdist playwright
• The Man Who Turned into a Stick

• major 20th century American Playwright
• Who's Afraid of Virginia Wolf
• won Pulitzer twice

• born in Morocco, wrote in France
• 1952: Picnic on the Battlefield (before Godot)
• Theatra Panique
• (mythological Pan, incorporated S&M and incest and shit)

• "angry black man"
• wrote Slaveship and Dutchman
• major figure in theater education
• made August Wilson look tamer

• American successor of Grotowski
• playwright/autho whose work was movement oriented
• integrated theater and anthropology
• The Paper Canoe

• Irish
• insurgent playwright/author
• raging alcoholic
• arrested as a teen for smuggling arms for the IRA
• The Quare Fellow
• The Hostage

• Brazilian theorist and theater practitioner
• Theater of the Oppresed
• spect-actor
• forum style and guerilla theater

• CitiCompany
• viewpointing

• one of the original directors of the RSC
• wrote book the Empty Space
• 4 types of theater (deadly/commercial,Growtosky, rough, immediate)
• compant had many international actors

femal Irish playwright

English feminist playwright

created Caffe Cino

• 20th century Russian director
• trained in Stanislavski but more experimental
• focused on rhythym

• Italian playwright/director
• The Accidental Death of an Arsonist

• writer,director,designer and auteur
• presented one-man shows
• member of Ontological Hysteric Theater

• most distinctive BWay choreographer of the 20th century
• very kinesthestic movement
• Chicago, Cabaret, Sweet Charity, Pal Joey and Pippin

• American playwright and Grotowski disciple
• similar to Joseph Chaikin
• known for production of Alice and Wonderland

• est Polish Theater Lab in 1959
• became Institute for Research in Acting
• focused on creating theater of self-confrontation
• immense training immerses actor to strip away any attribute that prevents them from being great

• English actor,director and playwright
• Guthrie Theatre in Minneapolis
• Shakespeare Festival in Stratford, Ontario

• one of the original founders of the RSC
• director of National Theater UK
• known for specific interpretations of classic plays

• german playwright,novelist,poet
• ardent defender of Palestinian rights
• lowkey anti-semetic
• Offending the Audience (best known show)
• Kaspar
• The Ride Across Lake Constance

• Raisin in the Sun in 1959
• To be Young, Gifted and Black (autobiography)

• non-realistic director of Tsukitji
• son of a nobleman
• became political voice of the theatre
• The Sea Battle (anti-nationalist)
• his part of Tsukitji does much better than Osanai

• American playwright
• Pulitzer finalist twice
• Nine
• Indians
• Wings
• Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feelin So Sad

• Czchechoslovakia
• career was brought on by Cuban Missile Crisis
• The Garden Party (play)
• Velvet Revolution
• Velvet Divorce (creates Slovakia and Czech Repub.)

• Meyerhold disciple
• Yakhtangu theater
• wanted to revive theater w poetry and dance
• rebelled using forbidden elements
• only tourists and government officials saw his work

• major American playwright
• American Buffalo
• Oleanna
• Glengarry Glenross (won Pulitzer)
• created new standard of acting w book (Black and White)

• self-styled samurai of 50s
• primarily adapted Noh classics into modern plays

• French
• integrated dance into classics (Orestia and Iphegenia, tetra-logy)
• long rehearsal process

• most important midcentury Polish playwright
• cartoonist turned absurdist
• works say power fills the void of removed ethical sensibilities

• inspired by Tsubouchi Shoyo-
• realist director at Tsukitji
• admired Checkov and Moscow Art Theater
• more artistic than political
• still did political plays bc they were cheaper for audiences

• 1960s English playwright
• What the Butler Saw
• openly gay onstage and in life
• bludgeoned to death by lover

• Italian actress and sorta playwright
• married to Dario Fo
• used comedia and improv
• (works were still scripted)

• African American
• directed original Raisin in the Sun
• directs a lot of August Wilson

• editor of Tulane Drama Review
• moved to NYU and created Drama Review
• started Performance Group
• best known as theorist
• directed Dionysus in 69

• most important playwright from 1960-90 in US
• had 4 plays on BWay at once in 66-67
• dominated mid-century theater
• super popular comedies until 80s when Brighton Beach trilogy gets more serious

prolific writer of musical theater for over 30 years

• started in the WPA (in Roosevelt's admin)
• worked w inner city Chicago kids
• developed improv for theater
• used storytelling and games as physical experience that needed audience participation
• son founded Second City

• mid 20th century director from Berlin
• did many classics like Orestaia and Three Sisters
• leftist
• productions were a function of his political attitude

• Czech born English playwright
• translated Vaclev Havel
• wrote R&G are Dead
• The Real Thing
• Arcadia
• won Oscar for Shakespeare in Love

• worked w Anne Bogart
• director and theorist
• emphasized connection to the earth
• re-imagines classics as Japanese

• Czech designer/director
• instrumental in integrating film and live action
• popularized it
• wanted "kinetic stage where movement becomes law"

• director and designer of The Lion Kind
• became symbol for integration of mediums
• studied many Eastern countries and developed an original style out of those influences

• American, leftist, feminist playwright
• playwright in residence at Omaha Magic Theater

• Russian director
• Stanslaski disciple
• had some political clout

• 20th century Russian director
• long rehearsal processes
• Six Characters in Search of an Author

• African American theater practicioner
• Day of Absence (black people disappear from society, played by black actors in white face)
• founded Negro Ensemble
• black people got mad when he won a grant bc they thought he had sold out

• German
• Schiller Theater of West Berin
• notable prodution Marat/Sade
• documentary theater (similar to Epic but more real)
• fore-runner of flash mob concept

• important African American Playwright
• Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
• the Piano Lesson
• the Pittsburgh Cycle (won 2 Pulitzers)

• auteur of theater
• believed in slow pace to move in accordance w rhythm of nature
• dynamic and repetitive work
• post-modern
• divided audience's attention w various dif stimuli

• playwright and director
• Jelly's Last Jam 
• Angels in America
• took over S'peare Festival from Joseph Papp

• Polish
• better known as Pope John Paul II
• came from background of mediocre practioner/priest
• Prague Spring 1968 uprising
• helped end communist rule in Poland