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angura
JAPAN. post-modern, decontructionalist; nationalistic, anti-Western; refers to an earlier age
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Bread & Puppet theatre
f. 1963 by Peter Shuman- uses enormous puppets- created a theatre of argument, politically charged and influential in the 60s and 70s. moved out of NY into small-town Vermont; still working today as a traditional left-wing, social justice theater
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Caffe Cino
- f. by Joe Cino, 1958, 8x8 space in the back of his coffee shop
- promoted the careers of Sam Shephard, Bernadette Peters, Al Pacino, Lanford Wilson,etc.
- increased exposure for early gay/queer theater
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Charabanc Theatre
- main Irish theatre companies of the 1980s and early 1990s
- foregrounded the experience of women in society
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Field Day Theater Company
- founded by Brian Friel and Stephen Ray
- considered themselves the 5th province of Ireland
- housed in Derry (or possibly Londonderry)
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La Mama ETC
- female experimental company
- founded 1962 by Ellen Stewart
- worked in fashion industry and suddenly decided to work in theater
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Living Theatre
- founded 1947 before off-off-b'way
- Julian Beck and Judith Malina
- regarded theater as a medium for social change
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Mabou Mines
- fused camp,mime,poetry and art/animation
- wanted to be sensationalists
- founded by Lee Breuer and Ruth Maleczech
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Manhattan Theater Club
- founded in 1970 by Lyn Meadow
- semi-experimental plays like Buried Child or True West
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National Theater UK
founded by Lord Laurence Olivier and Kenneth Tynan
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National Theatre of the Deaf
- founded 1967 by David Hayes
- fluent in ASL
- performers are all deaf
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Omaha Magic Theatre
radical feminist theater
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Open Theater
- off-shoot of the Living Theater in 1960
- started by Joseph Chaikin and Peter Feldman
- performed the The Serpant as an attempt to present an interpretation of the Bible
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Performance Group
founded by Richard Schechner
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Royal Shakespeare Companys
- 1960
- notable directors are Peter Hall and Peter Brook
- leading company for Willy Shakes and experimental theater in mid 60s
- moved to Barbican Theater in 80s and then to Old Vic (and others)
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San Francisco Mime Troup
- Wooster Group
- Post-modernist
- post-structuralist
- members included Willem Dafoe and Spalding Gray
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shingeki
- Japan
- literal translation:modern drama
- socialist-realism and Stalin-esque quality where the function of any artistic effort is to support the state
- v political, left-wing
- advance a political agenda
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People's Art Theater
- division of shingeki
- mostly communist
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Actor's Theater
division of shingeki
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Literary Theater
- division of shingeki
- aesthetic movement where art is art and apolitical
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Steppenwolf
- founded 1974 by Gary Sinise and John Malkovich
- early 80s BWay transfer of productions like True West
- notable regional theater
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Theater of the Oppressed
- developed by Augusto Boal
- involved creating a spect-actor out of audience members
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Tsukiji Little Theater
- founded in 1924 by Osanai Kauro
- inspired by Tsubochi Shoyo
- run by Osanai and Hijikata
- produced The Hermit in 1926
- collapsed in 1929
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A Chorus Line
- 6137 performances
- wildly successful
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The Deputy
- by Roth Hochhutch
- critique from within Germany about Catholic Church and Pope Pius XII not doing enough to prevent Holocaust
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[A Day in the Death of] Joe Egg
- 1960s play by Peter Nichols
- initially forbidden by Lord Chamberlain
- about a girl with cerebal palsy which Nichol's daughter also had
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Dionysus in 69
- based on Bacchae
- mostly improvised
- still more mainstream than avant garde
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The Fantasticks
- longest running play in American theater history
- ran from 1960-2002
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Hair
- one of the 1st BWay musicals to use nudity onstage
- represented counter culture of 1960s
- 1st real success of Public Theatre
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Abe Kobo
- japanese absurdist playwright
- The Man Who Turned into a Stick
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Edward Albee
- major 20th century American Playwright
- Who's Afraid of Virginia Wolf
- won Pulitzer twice
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Fernando Arrabal
- born in Morocco, wrote in France
- 1952: Picnic on the Battlefield (before Godot)
- Theatra Panique
- (mythological Pan, incorporated S&M and incest and shit)
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Imamu Imiri Baraka (born LeRoi Jones)
- "angry black man"
- wrote Slaveship and Dutchman
- major figure in theater education
- made August Wilson look tamer
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Engenio Barba
- American successor of Grotowski
- playwright/autho whose work was movement oriented
- integrated theater and anthropology
- The Paper Canoe
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Brendan Behan
- Irish
- insurgent playwright/author
- raging alcoholic
- arrested as a teen for smuggling arms for the IRA
- The Quare Fellow
- The Hostage
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Augusto Boal
- Brazilian theorist and theater practitioner
- Theater of the Oppresed
- spect-actor
- forum style and guerilla theater
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Peter Brook
- one of the original directors of the RSC
- wrote book the Empty Space
- 4 types of theater (deadly/commercial,Growtosky, rough, immediate)
- compant had many international actors
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Marina Carr
femal Irish playwright
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Caryl Churchill
English feminist playwright
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Joe Cino
created Caffe Cino
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Anatoly Efros
- 20th century Russian director
- trained in Stanislavski but more experimental
- focused on rhythym
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Dario Fo
- Italian playwright/director
- The Accidental Death of an Arsonist
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Richard Foreman
- writer,director,designer and auteur
- presented one-man shows
- member of Ontological Hysteric Theater
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Bob Fosse
- most distinctive BWay choreographer of the 20th century
- very kinesthestic movement
- Chicago, Cabaret, Sweet Charity, Pal Joey and Pippin
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Andre Gregory
- American playwright and Grotowski disciple
- similar to Joseph Chaikin
- known for production of Alice and Wonderland
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Jerzy Grotowski
- est Polish Theater Lab in 1959
- became Institute for Research in Acting
- focused on creating theater of self-confrontation
- immense training immerses actor to strip away any attribute that prevents them from being great
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Tyron Guthrie
- English actor,director and playwright
- Guthrie Theatre in Minneapolis
- Shakespeare Festival in Stratford, Ontario
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Peter Hall
- one of the original founders of the RSC
- director of National Theater UK
- known for specific interpretations of classic plays
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Peter Handke
- german playwright,novelist,poet
- ardent defender of Palestinian rights
- lowkey anti-semetic
- Offending the Audience (best known show)
- Kaspar
- The Ride Across Lake Constance
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Lorraine Hansberry
- Raisin in the Sun in 1959
- To be Young, Gifted and Black (autobiography)
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Hijikata Yoshi
- non-realistic director of Tsukitji
- son of a nobleman
- became political voice of the theatre
- The Sea Battle (anti-nationalist)
- his part of Tsukitji does much better than Osanai
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Arthur Kopit
- American playwright
- Pulitzer finalist twice
- Nine
- Indians
- Wings
- Oh Dad, Poor Dad, Mama's Hung You in the Closet and I'm Feelin So Sad
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Vaclav Havel
- Czchechoslovakia
- career was brought on by Cuban Missile Crisis
- The Garden Party (play)
- Velvet Revolution
- Velvet Divorce (creates Slovakia and Czech Repub.)
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Yuri Lyubimov
- Meyerhold disciple
- Yakhtangu theater
- wanted to revive theater w poetry and dance
- rebelled using forbidden elements
- only tourists and government officials saw his work
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David Mamet
- major American playwright
- American Buffalo
- Oleanna
- Glengarry Glenross (won Pulitzer)
- created new standard of acting w book (Black and White)
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Mishima Yukio
- self-styled samurai of 50s
- primarily adapted Noh classics into modern plays
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Ariane Mnouchkine
- French
- integrated dance into classics (Orestia and Iphegenia, tetra-logy)
- long rehearsal process
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Slawomir Mrozek
- most important midcentury Polish playwright
- cartoonist turned absurdist
- works say power fills the void of removed ethical sensibilities
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Osanai Kauru
- inspired by Tsubouchi Shoyo-
- realist director at Tsukitji
- admired Checkov and Moscow Art Theater
- more artistic than political
- still did political plays bc they were cheaper for audiences
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Joe Orton
- 1960s English playwright
- What the Butler Saw
- openly gay onstage and in life
- bludgeoned to death by lover
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Franca Rame
- Italian actress and sorta playwright
- married to Dario Fo
- used comedia and improv
- (works were still scripted)
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Lloyd Richards
- African American
- directed original Raisin in the Sun
- directs a lot of August Wilson
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Richard Schechner
- editor of Tulane Drama Review
- moved to NYU and created Drama Review
- started Performance Group
- best known as theorist
- directed Dionysus in 69
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Neil Simon
- most important playwright from 1960-90 in US
- had 4 plays on BWay at once in 66-67
- dominated mid-century theater
- super popular comedies until 80s when Brighton Beach trilogy gets more serious
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Stephen Sondheim
prolific writer of musical theater for over 30 years
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Viola Spolin
- started in the WPA (in Roosevelt's admin)
- worked w inner city Chicago kids
- developed improv for theater
- used storytelling and games as physical experience that needed audience participation
- son founded Second City
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Peter Stein
- mid 20th century director from Berlin
- did many classics like Orestaia and Three Sisters
- leftist
- productions were a function of his political attitude
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Tom Stoppard
- Czech born English playwright
- translated Vaclev Havel
- wrote R&G are Dead
- The Real Thing
- Arcadia
- won Oscar for Shakespeare in Love
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Suzuki Tadashi
- worked w Anne Bogart
- director and theorist
- emphasized connection to the earth
- re-imagines classics as Japanese
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Josef Svoboda
- Czech designer/director
- instrumental in integrating film and live action
- popularized it
- wanted "kinetic stage where movement becomes law"
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Julie Taymor
- director and designer of The Lion Kind
- became symbol for integration of mediums
- studied many Eastern countries and developed an original style out of those influences
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Megan Terry
- American, leftist, feminist playwright
- playwright in residence at Omaha Magic Theater
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Giorgi Tovstonogov
- Russian director
- Stanslaski disciple
- had some political clout
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Anatoly Vasilyev
- 20th century Russian director
- long rehearsal processes
- Six Characters in Search of an Author
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Douglas Turner Ward
- African American theater practicioner
- Day of Absence (black people disappear from society, played by black actors in white face)
- founded Negro Ensemble
- black people got mad when he won a grant bc they thought he had sold out
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Peter Weiss
- German
- Schiller Theater of West Berin
- notable prodution Marat/Sade
- documentary theater (similar to Epic but more real)
- fore-runner of flash mob concept
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August Wilson
- important African American Playwright
- Ma Rainey's Black Bottom
- the Piano Lesson
- the Pittsburgh Cycle (won 2 Pulitzers)
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Robert Wilson
- auteur of theater
- believed in slow pace to move in accordance w rhythm of nature
- dynamic and repetitive work
- post-modern
- divided audience's attention w various dif stimuli
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George C. Wolfe
- playwright and director
- Jelly's Last Jam
- Angels in America
- took over S'peare Festival from Joseph Papp
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Karol Wojtyla
- Polish
- better known as Pope John Paul II
- came from background of mediocre practioner/priest
- Prague Spring 1968 uprising
- helped end communist rule in Poland
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