Plant Science Chapter 5

  1. surface layer of soil having maximum organic matter accumulation and maximum biological activity
    A horizon
  2. soil layer characterized by accumulation of silicate clay, iron and aluminum oxides. AKA zone of accumulation
    B horizon
  3. ability of some soil components to resist a change in soil pH
    buffering
  4. soil layer relatively little affected by biological activity and pedogenesis and is lacing properties of A and B
    C horizon
  5. measure of the total amount of exchangeable cations that a soil can hold
    cation exchange capacity (CEC)
  6. layer of soil that forms when ions and organic matter are leached from A and deposited just above B
    E horizon
  7. peeling of the outer layers of rocks caused by differential rates of contraction and expansion that in turn are caused by temperature changes
    exfoliation
  8. percentage of water remaining in a soil after gravity has drained all that it can
    field capacity
  9. rock particles are deposited by a glacier on the land surface as it melts and recedes
    glacial till
  10. layer of soil with distinct characteristics produced by soil-forming processes
    horizon
  11. more or less stable fraction of soil organic matter remaining after the major portion of plant and animal residues have decomposed
    humus
  12. splitting of a molecule to form small molecules that incorporate compounds derived from water in their structure
    hydrolysis
  13. formed from the cooling and solidification of magma
    igneous rock
  14. rock that has been greatly altered through heat and pressure
    metamorphic rock
  15. association of fungi with the roots of some seed plants
    mycorrhiza
  16. reaction of oxygen with soil parent material to form oxides
    oxidation
  17. soil that lacks distinct horizons, contains clay oxides, is highly weathered, and has low fertility
    oxisol
  18. derived from natural breakdown of rocks by physical and chemical forces
    parent material
  19. open portion of soil that hold air or water
    pore space
  20. live in roots of legumes and fix nitrogen that is used by the plants
    Rhizobium
  21. rock formed by sediment being physically or chemically changed by compression and hardening
    sedimentary rock
  22. distinct layers of soil that develop over time from the weathering of parent material, biological activity, and other factors
    soil profile
  23. aqueous liquid phase of soil and its solutes ("soil water")
    soil solution
  24. arrangement of primary soil particles into secondary particles (size, shape, degree of distinctness) as primary particles
    soil structure
  25. percentages of sand, silt, and clay in a soil
    soil texture
  26. soil that is highly leached, has low fertility, retains little water
    spodosol
  27. relationship where both species benefit
    symbiosis
  28. accumulation of silicate clay, iron, and aluminum oxides AKA B horizon
    zone of accumulation
Author
abbiew
ID
315213
Card Set
Plant Science Chapter 5
Description
Plant Science Chapter 5 Key Terms
Updated