The flashcards below were created by user
Ant
on FreezingBlue Flashcards.
-
Types of compound light microscope
- Bright-field
- Dark-field
- Phase contrast - Differences in density; live cells
- Fluorescence
-
Magnification formula
Total magnification = object magnification x ocular magnification
-
Regular light microscope lenses
- Ocular
- Objective
- (specimen)
- Condenser
-
Magnification and resolution
- Magnification - Make objects appear larger
- Resolution - Distinguish adjacent points as separate objects
-
Lenses in phase contrast microscope
- Ocular
- Diffraction plate
- Objective lense
- (specimen)
- Condenser
- Annular diaphragm
-
Lenses in fluorescence microscope
- Mercury arc lamp
- Excitation filter (selects wavelength)
- Dichroic mirror
- Emission filter
-
Differential interference microscopy
- Polarizer created two distinct beams of polarized light
- Gives structures 3D appearance
-
Confocal scanning laser microscopy
- Used lasers (ooh...)
- Scan different layers, like MRI (Z-stacks)
- 0.1um resolution
-
Prokaryote size range
- 0.2um to 700um
- - Rods - 0.5um - 0.7um wide, 15um long
-
Benefits of small cells
- Greater S/V - Nutrient exchange
- Faster growth
-
Lower limit of cell size
0.15um
-
Phospholipid bilayer
- 8-10nm wide
- Hydrogen bond stabilization
- Magnesium and Calcium ions stabillize membrane
-
SusG
Starch transport; moves freely - binds when starch is present
-
Archeal membranes
- Phospholipid ether linkages (ester in Bac and Euk)
- Isoprenes (not fatty acids)
- Tetraethers and glycerol
- Monolayers
-
Isoprene
H2C=C(CH3)-CH=CH2
-
Lipid monolayer
single layer with hydrophillic heads attached to one hydrophobic chain
-
Transport types
- Simple - Driven by proton motive force
- Group translocation - Chemical modification, PEP powered
- ABC - Periplasmic proteins, ATP powered
-
ABC transport
- ATP driven
- Substrate specific
- Uses periplasmic binding proteins
|
|