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Buccinator
- Origin: Alveolar processes of the maxilla, buccinator ridge of the mandible, and pterygo-mandibular ligament
- Insertion: Orbicularis oris at angle of the mouth
- Action: Compresses the cheeks
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Corrugator Supercilii
- Origin: Medial end of the superciliary arch
- Insertion: Deep surface of skin above middle of the orbital arch
- Action: Draws the eyebrow downward and inward, with vertical wrinkles in forehad; "frowning mucle"
- Innervation: Facial, CNVII
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Depressor Anguli Oris
- Origin: Oblique line of mandible
- Insertion: Angle of mouth, blending with adjacent muscle
- Action: Integument of lower lip, blending with orbicularis oris
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Depressor Labii Inferioris
- Origin: Oblique line of the mandible
- Insertion: Integument of the lower lip, blending with the orbicularis oris
- Action: Draws the lower lip downward and slightly sideways, as in expressions of irony
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Depressor Septi Nasi
- Origin: Incisive fossa of maxilla
- Insertion: Ala and septum of nose
- Action: Draws ala of nose downward to close the nose
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Frontalis
- Origin: Galea aponeurotica
- Insertion: Muscles and skin of eyebrow and root of the nose
- Action: Raises the eyebrows and wrinkles the forehead, as in exressions of surprise or fright
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Levator Anguli Oris
- Origin: Canine fossa of maxilla
- Insertion: Angle of the mouth, blending with the orbicularis oris
- Action: Depresses the nasolabial furrow, as in expressions of contempt or disdain
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Levator Labii Superioris
- Origin: Lower margin of orbit
- Insertion: Orbicularis of the upper lip
- Action: Moves the upper lip upward and forward
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi
- Origin: Root of nasal process of the maxilla
- Insertion: Greater alar cartilage, skin of the nose, and lateral part of the upper lip
- Action: Raises and protrudes the upper lip
- Innervation: Oculomotor, CN III
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Levator Palpebrae Superioris
- Origin: Inferior surface of lesser wing of sphenoid
- Insertion: Skin of eyelid, tarsal plate of upper eyelid, orbitall wall, and medial and lateral ezpansion of aponeurosis of the insertion
- Action: Raises the upper eyelids
- Innervation: Oculomotor, CN III
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Masseter
- Origin:
- Superficial Portion - Zygomatic process of the maxilla and lower border of the zygomatic arch
- Profundus Portion - Posterior 1/3 of inferior border and medial surface of zygomatic arch
- Insertion:
- Superficial Portion - Angle and ramus of mandible
- Profundus Portion - Superior 1/2 of ramus and lateral surface of coronoid process of mandible
- Action: Closes the jaw
- Innervation: Trigeminal, CN V
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Mentalis
- Origin: Incisive fossa of mandible
- Insertion: Skin of chin
- Action: Raises and protrudes the lower lip and wrinkles skin on the chin, as in pouting
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Nasalis, Alar portion
- Origin: Maxilla
- Insertion: Ala of nose
- Action: Enlarges the nostrils
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Nasalis, Transverse portion
- Origin: Above and lateral to incisive fossa of maxilla
- Insertion: By aponeurosis with nasalis on the opposite side
- Action: Depresses cartilaginous part of nose
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Obliquus Inferior Oculi
- Origin: Orbital plate of maxilla
- Insertion: External part of the sclera, between the rectus superior and rectus lateralis and posterior to equator of the eyeball
- Action: Directs the cornea upward and outward
- Innervation: Oculomotor, CN III
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Obliquus Superior Oculi
- Origin: Above medial margin of the optic foramen
- Insertion: Into sclera between the rectus superior and rectus lateralis and posterior to equator of the eyeball
- Action: Directs the cornea downward and outward
- Innervation: Trochlear, CN IV
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Orbicularis Oculi
- Origin: Nasal part of frontal bone, frontal process of the maxilla, and anterior surface of the medial palperal ligament
- Insertion: Muscle fibers surround the circumference of the orbit, spread downward on the cheek, and blend with adjacent muscular or ligamentous structures
- Action:
- Palpebral part - Closes eyes gently
- Orbital part - Stronger closing
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Orbicularis Oris
- Origin: Numerous strata of muscular fibers surrounding the mouth; derived in part from other facial muscles
- Insertion: Into skin and mucous membrane of the lips, blending with other muscles
- Action: Closes lips and protrudes them forward
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Platysma
- Origin: Fascia covering superior portion of the pectoralis major and deltoid
- Insertion: Lower borders of the mandible, the posterior fibers blending with muscles about the angle and lower part of the mouth
- Action: Retracts and depresses angle of the mouth
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Procerus
- Origin: Fascia covering lower part of the nasal bone and upper part o fthe lateral nasal cartilage
- Insertion: Into skin over lower part of the forehead between eyebrows
- Action: Pulls inner angle of the eyebrows downward and produces transverse wrinkles over bridge of the nose
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Pterygoideus Lateralis
- Origin:
- Superior Head - Lateral surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid and the infratemporal crest
- Inferior Head - Lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid
- Insertion: Depression, anterior part of the condyle of the mandible, and anterior margin of articular disk of temporomandibular articulation
- Action: Opens the jaw, protrudes the mandible, and moves the mandible from side to side
- Innervation: Trigeminal, CN V
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Pterygoideus Medialis
- Origin: Medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate, pyramidal process of the palatine bone, and tuberosity of the maxilla
- Insertion: Inferior and posterior part of medial surface of the ramus and angle of the mandibular foramen
- Action: Closes the jaw
- Innervation: Trigeminal, CN V
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Recti Superior, Inferior, Medialis, and Lateralis
- Origin: Fibrous ring that surrounds superior, medial, and inferior margins of the optic foramen
- Insertion: Into sclera, anterior to equator of eyeball at the site implied by each name
- Action: Movement of the eye in the direction indicated by the name of the muscle
- Innervation:
- Superior, Inferior, and Medialis - Oculomotor, CN III
- Lateralis - Abducens, CN VI
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Risorius
- Origin: Fascia over the masseter
- Insertion: Into skin at angle of the mouth
- Action: Retracts the angle of the mouth
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Temporalis
- Origin: Temporal fossa and fascia
- Insertion: Coronoid process and anterior border of ramus of mandible
- Action: Closes the jaws
- Innervation: Trigeminal, CN V
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Zygomaticus Major
- Origin: Zygomatic bone in front of the temporal process
- Insertion: Angle of the mouth, blending with the adjacent muscles
- Action: Draws angle of the mouth up and out, as in a smile
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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Zygomaticus Minor
- Origin: Zygomatic bone, malar surface
- Insertion: Orbicularis oris of the upper lip
- Action: Deepens the nasolabial furrow, as in expressions of sadness
- Innervation: Facial, CN VII
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