This is the evaluation and monitoring of all aspects of a process or system to identify, correct, and prevent unacceptable results.
Quality assurance
What are the seven goals of quality assurance?
improve quality of care and patient safety
to have safe blood transfusions
encompass all processes
decrease errors
implement effective process and system control
ensure product safety and quality
this QA goal procets donors and patients from harm.
to have safe blood transfusions
emcompassing all processes inclues what two things?
individuals
facilities
what does GMP stand for?
good manufacturing processes
what is the QA paradigm shift?
from service to manufacturer
this is the QA system which oversees all processes.
quality assurance program
this QA system includes DBSS, CHCS, and document control.
information management
what does DBSS stand for?
defence blood standard system
which QA system includes screening, unit typing, and patient ABO/Rh?
donor and patient testing
which QA system includes testing prior to transfusion?
compatibility and type and screen
which QA system includes transfusion?
blood administration
which QA system includes transfusion reactions?
investigation of averse effects
what QA system includes review proper documentation of transfusion.
Review and Labeling
this is used to freeze blood
glycerin
what does CPDA stand for?
Citrate Phosphate Dextrose Adenine
which QA system includes frozen blood, CPDA, AdSol expiration dates?
storage and distribution
what does FFP stand for?
Fresh frozen plasma
which QA system includes testing, typing, and labeling of units?
component processing
which QA system includes donor screening, and donor preparation?
blood collection
which QA system includes patients who need phlebotomy for conditons such as polycythemia rubrivera?
therapeutic phlebotomy
which QA system has a less stringent blood testing system and is made for patients who are donating blood to be used on themselves?
Autologous blood
which QA system includes a donor screening process at blood drives?
allogenic donor suitability
this is the QA system which is the removal of certain components in blood (platelets, plasma) and returning the rest back to the donor?
apheresis
what year was the armed services blood program office (ASBPO) established?
1952
the ASBPO coordinates blood program of military departments to do what two things?
implement standarization
coordination during mobilization
what is the ASBP mission?
provide blood
in the right amountsto the right placeat the right timeat the right temperature
what is the key to the ASBP mission?
figuring out how much, where and when
what is the expiration date on liquid RBCs (CPDA-1)?
35 days
what is the expiration date of liquid RBCs (AS-1 or AS-3)?
42 days
what is the storage temperature for liquid RBCs?
1-6oC
what is the shipment temperature for liquid RBCs?
1-10oC
what is the licensed expiration for frozen RBCs?
10 years
what is the contingency expiration for RBCs?
21 years
what is the storage temperature for frozen RBCs?
<-65oC
what is the shipment temperature for frozen RBCs?
<-40oC
what is the expiration date post thaw, deglycerolization and washing for frozen RBCs?
14 days
fresh frozen plasma must be processed within how many hours?
six
what is the expiration for fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate?
1 year
what is the storage temperature for fresh frozen plasma and cryoprecipitate?
<-18oC
what is the expiration for platelets?
5 days
what are the storage reqirements for platelets?
room temp
constant rocking
what temperature should platelets be stored at?
20-24oC
these provide blood to meet military health system needs and continuing ops.
Blood donor centerss
DoD collects _______ red blood cell units from military, family members, and DoD civilians annually.
120,000
where are the two ASWBLs located?
Travis AFB
McGuire AFB
where are the six BDC's?
NMC San Diego
NCR ASBBC bethesda
NMC portsmouth
NH camp lejeune
NH guam
NH okinawa
what are the three functions of the ASWBPLs?
contingency warehouse
confirm blood groups and types, labels
ship blood products to unified commands
how many units of blood do the ASWBPLs ship to unified commands per day?
7200
what branch of service operates the blood transshipment centers (BTCs)
USAF
how many units do the BTCs store/ship per day?
7200
what are the three functions of the BTCs?
contral receiving point
inspect blood, re-ice blood, store blood
issue blood to blood supply units
the mission of this office is to ensure adequate supply of high quality blood and blood products, they maintain rapid expansion capabilities.
Navy Blood Program Office (NBPO)
this provides coordination/management of all navy BB/BDC assets.
Navy blood program office
how many frozen type O units of blood can the hospital ships hold?
1000
who manages blood product depots products?
JBPO
what are the three functions of the blood product depots?
receive and store frozen blood
deglycerolize frozen blood
distribute frozen and deglycerolized blood
how much blood can be deglycerolized at the blood product depots?
1 unit/machine/hr (2 machines/tech)
where are the USPACOM blood product depots located?
Okinawa, Japan
Camp Carrol
Camp humphereys
where is the USEUCOM blood product depot located?
sigonella, italy
how many units of blood are stored at USPACOM Blood Product Depots (BPD)?
33,000
how many units are stored at USEUCOM Blood product Depot (BPD)?
6,000
how many units of RBCs (<-65oC) are kept in storage freezers?
up to 500 units
the purpose of the FDA is to enforce regulations to ensure what two things?
safety and efficacy of biologics
devices used in making reagents or blood components are safe
what are the FDA's five administrative and legal sanctions?
revocation and suspension of license
warning letters
seizure
injunctions
porsecution and consent decree
this is the regulation which mandates adherence to current GMP practices, it is the legal arm of FDA.
code of federal regulations (CFR)
the CFR contains 50 titles ___ pertaining to food and drugs.
21
what series of the CFR covers drugs?
200
what series of the CFR covers biologics?
600
Chapter ___ (200-299) and (600-799) deals with GMP.
1
the purpose of this is to ensure that blood products are consistently manufactured according to, and controlled by quality standards appropriate for their intended use.
good manufacturing practices (GMPs)
this sets specific quality control requirements and covers several aspects of blood banking and transfusion services.
GMP
this is part of the FDA which issues federal licenses for the biologic product and conducts all pre-license and pre-approval inspection of blood establishments.
center for biologics, evaluation, and research (CBER)
FDA licensing requrements are obtaind for both ____________ and __________.
establishment
product
this provides proof of adherence to prescribed standards
FDA licensing requirements
true or false
all navy transfusion centers and BDCs fall under on eFDA license.
true
where is the FDA license kept?
at NBPO
the following people shall be promptly notified of any accidents in manufacturing/processing of blood:
Blood Bank Director
Navy Blood Program Office
FDA
what are six reportable errors (only if productrs are shipped or transfused):
mislabeling of units
mistyping of units
shipping/receipt of improperly labeled units
test interpretation errors
units repeatedly reactive to viral marker testing
units received from donors who are temporarily or permanently deffered
true or false
the director of the office of compliance (CBER) must be reported to if there is a fatility resulting from blood transfusion.
true
fatalities resluting from blood transfusion must be reported verbally within ___ hrs.
24
fatalities resulting from blood transfusion must be written reported within ___ days.
7
the purpose of the infectious look-back program is to notify persons who may receive blood containing any of what eight diseases?
HIV 1/2
HTLV I/II
confirmed syphilis (FTA-ABS)
HBsAg
WNV
CJD
HCV
travel to malaria endemic area
the purpose of this is to examine past records of donor and notify all recipients of prior donations of the possibility of a transfusion associated disease.
infectious disease look-back program
if a routine donor is flagged on the infectious disease look-back program recipeints should be notified/tested in what order.
reverse chronological
how long are infectious disease look-back program records maintained?
permanently
what are the most cited inspection deficiencies?
recordkeeping violations
inspections require records as proof of what?
satisfactory performance
changes on records are identified by ____ and ______ responsible.
date
person
true or false
rubber stamps, brackets, dittos are acceptable on official records
false
what are five records that are kept indefinately?
final disposition of each unit or component
deferral letters
patient notification letters
signature/initial logs
transfusion records
donor ABO/Rh, blood typing difficulties, and donor adverse reaction records are kept for how long?
five years
patient ABO/Rh, compatibility testing results, and therapeutic procedure records are kept for how long?
five years
superseded procedures, manuals and publications are kept for how long?
five years
storage temperatures, inspection of blood products, component, reagents, equipment QC, staff qualification, training and competency are kept for how long?
five years
this is the most important document in the blood bank.
standard operating procedure (SOP)
this is a document which describes procedures and techniques in detail, including technical direction an dgeneral requirements imposed by standards and regulations.
Standard operating procedures (SOP)
procedures added to SOPs must be marked with what?
effective date added
procedures removed from SOPs must be retained for at least __ years with date of removal recorded.
five
____ must be maintained in SOP for blood bank staff to initial and date.
log
how often are SOPs reviewd by medical director or autorized designee?
annually
________ must precede implementation of SOP change.
training
the hospital transfusion comittee is required by what four organisations.
Joint commision
FDA
AABB
CAP
this reviews usage of blood products, reports adverse reactions, and disease transmission.
hospital transfusion committee
this is recommended blood orders based on prior blood use.
maximum surgical blood ordering schedule (MSBOS)
this minimizes requests for crossmatch and provides guidelines to decrease crossmatch to transfusion ratio.
maximum surgical blood ordering schedule (MSBOS)
commercial reagests must be licensed by ____.
FDA
this regent must be monitored during storage and shipping.
antiserum
these are used to ID warm antibodies.
heat blocks or incubators
temperature of wells on heat blocks are checked when?
daily
what are water baths used for?
blood thawing
when are thermometers checked for accuracy?
on receipt
periodically (annual)
what type of calibrated thermometer is used as standard for accuracy?
NIST
intermittent ______ manual recording is sufficient for refrigerators and freezers.
daily
out of range temperatures should be explained in ________.
writing
interior thermometers for refigerators and freezers are kept in what heat trasferable solution.
diluted glyerol
the volume of fluid that refigerator/freezer thermometer should be equal to or less than what?
smallest component stored
placement of thermometers in refigerators/freezers should ensure _____ distribution of cooling.
equal
what should you do if you cannot correct a discrepancy alarm for refrigerators/freezers.
move units
this is the lab information system designed to ensure highest quality blood products.
Defense Blood Standard System (DBSS)
what is the mission of the defense blood standard system?
support the armed services blood program
this is the system used to track movement of blood from CONUS to theater of operation, record receipt and shipment of blood, and track transfusion.
DBSS
who are the six DBSS users?
MTF
BDC
Moblie blood donor facilities
ASWBPL
blood supply units
blood transshipment centers
this crosmatch phase uses anti-human globulin to help detect antibodies, also ID of warm antibodies.
coombs phase
this crossmatch procedure combines donor cells and patient serum and helps detect cold antibodies.
immediate spin-room temp.
in this crossmatch phase donor cells and patient serum is placed in heat block. may help identify warm antibodies.
37oC phase
what are the four landing platform dock/amphibious transport dock ships (LPD), and where are they located?
USS San Antonio (LPD 17) Norfolk, VA
USS New Orleans (LPD 18) San Diego, CA
USS Mesa Verde (LPD 19) Norfolk, VA
USS Green Bay (LPD 20) San Diego, CA
what are the three Landing Helicopter Amphibious/Landing Helicopter Assault ships (LHA), and where are they located.
USS Nassau (LHA 4) Norfolk, VA
USS Peleiliu (LHA 5) San Diego, CA
USS America (LHA 6) pending
what are the eight Landing Helicopter Dock ships (LHD) and where are they located?
USS Wasp (LHD 1) Norfolk, VA
USS ESSex (LHD 2) Sasebo, Japan
USS Kearsarge (LHD 3) Norfolk, VA
USS Boxer (LHD 4) San Diego, CA
USS Bataan (LHD 5) Norfolk, VA
USS Bonhomme Richard (LHD 6) San Diego, CA
USS Iwo Jima (LHD 7) Norfolk, VA
USS Makin Island (LHD 8) San Diego, CA
what are the two United States Naval Ships (hospital ships) and where are thy located?
USNS Mercy (T-AH 19) San Diego, CA
USNS Comfort (T-AH 20) Baltimore, MD
the CRTS and hospital ships have two blood bank freezers that can store _____ units of frozen blood at -85oC for up to 10 years.
1000
CRTS and hospital ships can process ___ units every 30 minutes for emergency usage.
30
this is the environment in which the ship or squadron is expected to operate including the military climate.
projected operational environment
This is a command consisting of the service component commander and all those service forces.
component command
this is a United States joint military command composed of forces from two or more services. has a broad and continuing mission.
unified command
All UCCs are considered joint commands and are commanded by what rank?
four star general or admiral
this is a task force whic includes more than one service, established to work on a single defined task or activity.
joint task force
what is the expiration for CPDA-1?
35 days
what is the expiration for AS-1 (AdSol)?
42 day expiration
this is an informal advisory. It is issued for significant regulatory violations requiring prompt corrective actions.
FDA Warning
this involves removal of equipment or device from a laboratory or facility.
FDA seizure
this is a court order requiring a laboratory to stop testing.
FDA injunction
this is when a company must cease and desist prduction or sale until federal law is complied with.
FDA consent decree
this is any virus, therapeutic serum, toxin or anti-toxin used to treat or cure disease or injuries of man
Biologic
these are guidelines that outline the aspects of production that would affect the quality of a products.
GMP: Good Manufacturing Practices
CBER must be notified of an error within ___ hours.
24
finding during an FDA inspection that there is significant deviation from regulations is documented on what form?
FDA Form 483
this looks at processes at the time an error took place. teams make recommendations on changes to the process so that error does not repeat itself.
RCA: Root Cause Analysis
this looks at processes before errors take place. teams amek recommendations to improve a process before an error takes place.