Chapter 15

• closed system
• Blood vessels
• Four heart chambers

• arteries
• arterioles (resistence vessels)
• capillaries
• venules
• veins (emptys blood to <3)

• Starts at the RV
• Pulmonary arter and its branches, capillaries in luncgs, pulmonary veins
• Ends at the LA

• Starts at the LV
• Aorta arters and arterioles, systemic capillaries venules, systemic veins
• Ends at RA

• 3 layers (tunics) of arteries and veins
• inner(endothelium)
• Middle (smooth involunary muscle)
• -controlled by autonomic nervous system
• -elastic CT
• -Thinner in veins
• Outer (supporting CT)

ARTERIESSSSS

UN

• begins with the aorta (largest artery [mother of all arteries])
• Recieves blood from the left ventricle and branches to all organs

• Ascending aorta (near the heart and inside pericardial sac)
• aortic arch (curves from the right to the left and also extends posteriorly)
• descending aorta
• -thoracic aorta (anterior to the vertebral column posterior to the heart)
• -abdominal aorta (largest and lowest part)

at the common iliac artereis

• Left and right coronary arteries
• supply the heart muscle

• Brachiocephalic artery(UNPAIRED): arm and head on the right side
• -right subclavian artery:r right upper arm
• -right common carotid artery: right side of neck head and brain
• Left common carotid artery: left side of neck and head
• Left subclavian artery:left arm

• supplies branches to the chest wall and esophagus, the bronchi and their tree like subdivision in the lungs.
• intercostal arteries - extend between the ribs sending branches tot he muscles and other structures of the chest wall

• in celiac trunck
• goes to the stomach

• celiac trunck
• goes to the spleen

• celiac trunk
• carries oxygenated blood to the liver

carries blood to most of the small intestine and to the first half of the large intestine

second half of the large intestine

• paired
• supply the diaphragm

• paired
• supply the adrenal(suprarenal) glands

• paired and larges of the lateral branches
• carry blood to the kidneys

supply the sex glands

4 pairs extend into the musculature of the abdominal wall

sends branches tot he pelic organs i.e. the urinary bladder the rectum and some reproductive organs

• femoral artery > popliteal artery> popliteal artery > tibial arter > dorsalis pedis
• suppy leg and foot

travels intot he head and branches to supply the eye and the anterior portiono f the brain

branches to the thyroid gland and to other structures in the head and upper part of the neck

supplies the head

• supplies blood the arm and hands
• -branches vertebral artery : supplyes posterior brain
• -axillary artery (pits)
• --brachial arterm
• ---radial artery: down the thumb side of the forearm and wrist
• ---ulnar artery: along the medial or little finger side into the hand

• Communication between two vessels
• -Circle of willis (brain)
• -Superficial palmar arch
• -Mesenteric arches
• -Arterial arches

• Cephalic, basilic, median cubital vein (blood drawing)
• Saphenous veing (longest vein in body)

• Femoral and iliac vessels
• brachial, axillary, subclavian vessels
• Jugular veins (head and neck to heart)
• Brachiocephalic vein

Veins of the head neck upper extremities and chest drain here

drains the veins of the chest wall and empties into superior vena cava

iliac veins, lumbar veins, testicular and ovarian veins, renal and suprarenal veins, hepatic veins

Artery

lungs

Unpaired veins i.e. speel and parts of digestive tract empty here