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What are the cofactors involved in the beta oxidation of fatty acids?
FAD, H2O, NAD+, CoASH
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How many carbons are pulled off a fatty acid during one round beta oxidation?
One Acetyl CoA molecule is created after each round (2 carbons)
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Oxidation, hydration, oxidation, cleavage are the essential steps of which cycle?
Beta oxidation
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How many ATP are created from the beta oxidation of one fatty acid?
129 ATPs
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What are the two sources of fatty acids in the cell?
diet and storage
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What are the three forms of fatty acids you can obtain from your diet?
- Glycerophospholipids (cell membranes from plants and animals)
- Triacylglycerol (90% of dietary lipids)
- Free fatty acids
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What are the 2 families of fatty acids that are essential to humans?
Omega 3 and Omega 6 (named based on the position of the first unsaturation from the omega end)
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What is an essential nutrient?
Something that cannot be synthesized in the body; these are species specific
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What type of fat (trans or cis) normally occur in the body?
- Cis (better for us because they break up the packing that results from straight saturation);
- Trans does not naturally occur in the body
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Which type type of fatty acid is more easily absorbed in the body, short or long?
Short, the body lacks the ability to absorb fatty acids if they are too long
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Fatty acids are stored in which organs?
Adipose tissue and liver
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Fatty acids are utilized by which organ?
Pretty much all organs (except the brain)
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