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How many muscles are in the body?
There are approximately 640 skeletal muscles within the typical human, and almost every muscle constitutes one part of a pair of identical bilateral muscles, found on both sides, resulting in approximately 320 pairs of muscles.
However, opinions on this vary widely.
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List three functions of the muscular system.
- Produce Movement
- Storage of Creatine Phosphate for Quick Energy
- Protection of Internal Organs
- Posture/Gives Definition to the Frame of the Body
- Helps Maintain a Normal Body Temperature
- Aids in Blood Return to the Heart
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What is the chemical energy used by muscle called?
Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)?????
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Give another name for muscle wasting
Atrophy
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Give another name for muscle growth
Hypertrophy
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Give another name for muscle fibre splitting
Hyperplasia
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List three types of muscle tissues
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List two characteristics of skeletal muscle tissue.
- Striated: When the tissue has been injected with a dye, it has alternating light and dark bands when examined under a microscope.
- Voluntary Tissue: Works mainly under a human's conscious control by the nervous system. However, some muscles are also controlled subconsciously to some extent e.g. muscles used during respiration and postural muscles.
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List the characteristics of cardiac muscle
- This type of tissue makes up the heart wall.
- Striated: When the tissue has been injected with a dye, it has alternating light and dark bands when examined under a microscope.
- Involuntary: the alternating contraction and relaxation stages go a heart be at is not under a human's conscious control.
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List the characteristics of smooth muscle.
- This type of tissue is located in the walls of hollow internal structures such as blood vessels, airways and most organs in the abdominal area.
- It is also found in the skin where it attaches to the hair follicles.
- Not Striated
- Usually Involuntary
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What is the most superficial muscle in the anterior thigh?
Rectus Femoris
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What is the action of the tibias anterior?
Dorsiflexes the door and assists in inversion.
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What is the action of the rhomboids?
Retracts, adducts, elevates and internally rotates the scapula.
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What is the action of the rectus abdominus?
- With the origin fixed, the chest wall will move towards the pelvis.
- With the insertion fixed, the pelvis will move towards the chest.
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Name the action(s) of the rectus femurs.
- Extends the knee
- Flexes the hip
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