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Trapezius PA (Origin)
- Upper: med 1/3 superior. nuchal line, ext. occipital protuberance, lig nuchae, SP C7
- Middle: SP T1‐6 & supraspinous ligs
- Lower: SP T7‐12 & supraspinous ligs
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Trapezius DA (Insertion)
- Upper: post border lat 1/3 clavicle
- Middle: med border acromion & sup lip of spine of scapula
- Lower: triangular area med to base of spine of scapula
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Trapezius Innervation
- Motor: Spinal part of the accessory n. (CN 11) motor innervation
- Sensory: Branches from anterior rami(C3,4)
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Trapezius blood supply
- Variation 1 –Superficial cervical artery and posterior branches of the posterior intercostal arteries and or the dorsal scapular artery
- Variation 2 ‐ Superficial branch of the transverse cervical artery and posterior branches of the posterior intercostal arteries and deep branch of the transverse cervical artery
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Trapezius actions
- Open Chain(OC)‐
- Upper: scapular elevation (upward slide and upward rotation)
- Middle: scapular retraction (medial slide and external rotation)
- Lower: scapular upward rotation and downward slide
- Closed Chain (CC)‐
- Upper:Unilaterally: ipsilateral SB, contralateral. Rot head and neckBilaterally: extends neck and head
- Middle and Lower: not clinically significant
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Latissimus Dorsi PA (origin)
T7‐12 SP, lumbar SP, median sacral crest, supraspinous ligs, and post iliac crest via the post layer thoracolumbar fascia, outer lip of post iliac crest lat to erector spinae, muscular slips to ribs 9 (10) ‐12
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Latissimus Dorsi DA (Inesertion)
Floor of bicipital (intertubercular) groove
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Latissimus Dorsi Innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve (C6,7,8)(a.k.a. ‐ Long or Middle subscapular nerve)
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Latissimus Dorsi blood supply
Thoracodorsal artery, posterior branches of the posterior intercostal arteries and posterior branches off posterior lumbar arteries
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Latissimus Dorsi actions
- OC‐ adducts, extends, & medial rot. humerus, assists with scapular depression (downward rotation & inferior slide)
- CC‐ trunk elevation
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Rhomboid major PA (Origin)
SP T2‐5
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Rhomboid major DA (Insertion)
Medial border of scapula between root of spine & inferior border
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Rhomboid Major innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve (C4,5)
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Rhomboid Major blood supply
Deep branch of the transverse cervical artery or the dorsal scapular artery and posterior branches of the posterior intercostal arteries
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Rhomboid Major actions
- OC ‐ scapular retraction (medial slide and external rotation) & downward rot. Assist with upper slide
- CC ‐ not clinically significant
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Rhomboid minor PA (Origin)
SP C7 & T1 & lower lig nuchae
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Rhomboid minor DA (Insertion)
Medial border of scapula at level of root of spine
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Rhomboid Minor innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve(C4,5)
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Rhomboid Minor blood supply
Deep branch of the transverse cervical artery or the dorsal scapular artery and posterior branches of the posterior intercostal arteries
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Rhomboid Minor actions
- OC ‐ scapular retraction (medial slide and external rotation) & downward rot. Assist with upper slide
- CC ‐ not clinically significant
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Levator scapula PA (Origin)
TP C1‐4, & post tubercles of TP C3,4
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Levator scapula DA (Insertion)
Med border scapula between sup angle and root of spine
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Levator scapula innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve (C5) & branch of (C3,4) spinal nerves
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Levator scapula blood supply
Deep branch of the transverse cervical artery or the dorsal scapular artery and Posterior branches of the posterior intercostal arteries
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Levator scapula actions
- OC‐ upward slide & downward rot. the scapula
- CC‐ ipsilateral SB & rot. of the neck
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