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What was called the French and Indian War. The date and effects.
Name for the war between Great Britain and France in North America from 1754 to 1763. In 1756 the war erupted into the world-wide conflict known as the Seven Years' War and thus came to be regarded as the North American theater of that war. In Canada, it is usually just referred to as the Seven Years' War.The war changed economic, political, and social relations between three European powers (Britain, France, and Spain), their colonies and colonists, and the natives that inhabited the territories they claimed. France and Britain both suffered financially because of the war, with significant long-term consequences.
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Early in his reign, Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War, becoming the dominant European power in North America and India. However, many of its American colonies were soon lost in the American War of Independence, which led to the establishment of the United States of America. His Britains polices change once he became king, and ruled with the idea of Toryism.
King George III
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Is an economic theory, thought to be a form of economic nationalism,[1] that holds that the prosperity of a nation is dependent upon its supply of capital(money).
Mercantilism
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Refers to the English policy of interfering very little in colonial affairs from about 1690 to 1760. During these years the colonists were given a good deal of autonomy in local matters, and the English king and parliament rarely legislated constraints of any kind. In turn, the colonists supported England. At the end of the Seven Year's War, England began to assert more control over the American colonists, levying taxes and trade regulations, to the objection of the colonists.
Salutary Neglect
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were a series of laws which restricted the use of foreign shipping for trade between England and other regions like Asia. (after 1707 Great Britain) and its colonies, which started in 1651.. Later, they were one of several sources of resentment in the American colonies against Great Britain, helping cause the American Revolutionary War.
Navigation Acts
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The Whigs' origin lay in constitutional monarchism and opposition to absolute rule. Became quite formal by 1784, with the ascension of Charles James Fox as the leader.
Whigs
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Politicians who favoured royal authority, the established church and who sought to preserve the traditional political structure and opposed parliamentary reform. After 1834 this political group in the House of Commons preferred to use the term Conservative.
Tories
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In practice,court order general search warrants that did not expire, allowing customs officials to search anywhere for smuggled goods without having to obtain a specific warrant.
Writ of assistance
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Was issued October 7, 1763, by King George III following Great Britain's acquisition of French territory in North America after the end of the French and Indian War/Seven Years' War. The purpose of this was to organize Great Britain's new North American empire and to stabilize relations with Native North Americans through regulation of trade, settlement, and land purchases on the western frontier
Proclamation of 1763
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Under this Act colonial merchants had been required to pay a tax of six pence per gallon on the importation of foreign molasses. But because of corruption, they mostly evaded the taxes and undercut the intention of the tax — that the English product would be cheaper than that from the French West Indies.
The Sugar Act
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Acts were used by the British forces in the American colonies to ensure that British soldiers had adequate housing and provisions. 1] Originally intended as a response to problems that arose during Britain's victory in the Seven Years War they later became a source of tension between inhabitants of the Thirteen Colonies and the government in London.
Quartering Acts
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Was a direct tax imposed by the British Parliament specifically on the colonies of British America. The act required that many printed materials in the colonies be produced on stamped paper produced in London and carrying an embossed revenue stamp. These printed materials were legal documents, magazines, newspapers and many other types of paper used throughout the colonies.
Stamp Act
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Asserted that Parliament had the absolute power to make laws and changes to the colonial government, "in all cases whatsoever", even though the colonists were unrepresented in the Parliament.
Declaratory Act
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A leader that screamed "Give me liberity or give me death.
Patrick Henry
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In the early stages of the American Revolution, colonists in the Thirteen Colonies rejected legislation imposed upon them by the British Parliament because the colonies were not represented in Parliament. According to the British constitution, colonists argued, taxes could only be levied on British subjects with their consent. Because the colonists were represented only in their provincial assemblies, they said, only those legislatures could levy taxes in the colonies. This concept was famously expressed as "No taxation without representation."
Virtual Representation
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Five laws are frequently mentioned: the Revenue Act of 1767, the Indemnity Act, the Commissioners of Customs Act, the Vice Admiralty Court Act, and the New York Restraining Act.The purpose of act was to raise revenue in the colonies to pay the salaries of governors and judges so that they would be independent of colonial control, to create a more effective means of enforcing compliance with trade regulations, to punish those that broke the law.
Townshend Acts
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Is a tax levied on imports or exports.
Tariff
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raise revenues for the new government by placing a tariff on the importation of foreign goods (averaging more than 8 percent) encourage domestic production in such industries as glass and pottery by taxing the importation of those products from foreign sources.
These were seen as the colonist?
Traff and duties.
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Is a term that conveys a sense of moral commitment to someone or something
Duties
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He was a firebrand and his 1768 circular letter calling for colonial cooperation prompted the occupation of Boston by British soldiers, eventually resulting in the Boston Massacre of 1770.
Sam Adams
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Was a lawyer in colonial Massachusetts, a member of the Massachusetts Legislature, and an early advocate of the political views that led to the American Revolution. The phrase "Taxation without Representation is Tyranny" is usually attributed to him
James Otis
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Who was the lawyer that defended the 5 soldier responsible for the boston massacre?
John Adam
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Is the clandestine transportation of goods or persons past a point where prohibited, such as out of a building, into a prison, or across an international border, in violation of applicable laws or other regulations.
Smuggling
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Was an incident that led to the deaths of five civilians at the hands of British troops on March 5, 1770, the legal aftermath of which helped spark the rebellion in some of the British American colonies, which culminated in the American Revolutionary War.
Boston Massacre
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A heavy British military presence in Boston led to a tense situation that boiled over into incitement of brawls between soldiers and civilians and eventually led to troops discharging their muskets after being attacked by a rioting crowd. Three civilians were killed at the scene of the shooting, eleven were injured, and two died after the incident.
Boston Massacre
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was a significant event in the lead-up to the American Revolution. A British revenue schooner that had been enforcing unpopular trade regulations, ran aground in shallow water on June 9, 1772, near what is now known as Gaspee Point in the city of Warwick, Rhode Island, while chasing the packet boat Hannah In a notorious act of defiance, American patriots led by Abraham Whipple and John Brown (son's of liberity) attacked, boarded, looted, and torched the ship.
Burning of the Gaspee
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Was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain to expand the British East India Company's monopoly on the tea trade to all British Colonies, selling excess tea at a reduced price.
Tea Act
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Was a direct action by colonists in Boston, a town in the British colony of Massachusetts, against the British government. On December 16, 1773, after officials in Boston refused to return three shiploads of taxed tea to Britain, a group of colonists boarded the ships and destroyed the tea by throwing it into Boston Harbor. The incident remains an iconic event of American history, and other political protests often refer to it.
Boston Tea Party
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1st time americans started to corpate together and tried to talk to the King, but he didnt listen.Was a convention of delegates from twelve of the thirteen North American colonies that met on September 5, 1774, at Carpenters' Hall in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, early in the American Revolution. Called in response to the passage of the Coercive Acts (also known as Intolerable Acts by the Colonial Americans) by the British Parliament,
1st Continental Congress
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These acts included the closing of the port of Boston, until such time as the East India tea company received compensation for the tea dumped into the harbor. The Royal governor took control over the Massachusetts government and would appoint all officials. Sheriffs would become royal appointees, as would juries. In addition, the British took the right to quarter soldiers anywhere in the colonies.
Coercive Act
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The province's territory was expanded to take over part of the Indian Reserve.
The oath of allegiance was replaced with one that no longer made reference to the Protestant faith.
It guaranteed free practice of the Catholic faith.
It restored the use of the French civil law for private matters while maintaining the use of the English common law for public administration, including criminal prosecution.
Quebec Act
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The Coercive and Quebec Acts were nicknamed by the colonist as the?
Intolerable Acts
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Organized by the local governments of the Thirteen Colonies before the American Revolution for the purposes of coordinating written communication outside of the colonies. These served an important role in the Revolution, by disseminating the colonial interpretation of British actions between the colonies and to foreign governments. The committees of correspondence rallied opposition on common causes and established plans for collective action,
Committee of Correspondence
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He was celebrated after his death for his role as a messenger in the battles of Lexington and Concord, and his name and his "midnight ride" are well-known in the United States as a patriotic symbol. In his lifetime, he was a prosperous and prominent Boston silversmith, who helped organize an intelligence and alarm system to keep watch on the British military."""was among those who spread the news that the British Regulars (soldiers) were coming out.""
Pual Revere
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Were members of teams of select men from the American colonial militia during the American Revolutionary War. They provided a highly mobile, rapidly deployed force that allowed the colonies to respond immediately to war threats, hence the name.
Minutemen
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Were the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War.[9][10] They were fought on April 19, 1775, in Middlesex County, Province of Massachusetts Bay and Cambridge, near Boston. The battles marked the outbreak of open armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and its thirteen colonies in the mainland of British North America.
Battle of Lexington and Concord
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Wrote most of his important essays as lectures first about the Battle of Lexington and Concord. Quoting "shot heard round the world"
Ralph Waldo Emerson
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One who loves and defends his or her country
Patriots
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