Psychology exam1

A relatively enduring change in behavior or thinking that results from experiences

Russian physiologist, never intended to do psychological research. developed theprinciples of classical conditioning.

states that rewarded behavior is likely to be repeated

learning that occurs when voluntary actions become associated with consequences

Learning by observing the behavior of another person, or model

the individual or character whose behavior is being imitated

operant conditioning procedure in which reinforcers guide behavior towards the desired target behavior through successive approximations

• Involves the removal of an unpleasant stimulus following a target behavior (this increases the likelihood it will occur again).
• Occurs when reinforcers are added or presented following the target behavior.

The process through which information enters our memory system

the process of accessing information encoded and stored in memory

processing information with no or little consciousness

ability to recall items in a list depending on where they are

grouping to increase the quantity of information that can be maintained in short-term memory

visual photographs that dissolve in a second

Resistance is that by which occupied ex tension (body) and empty extension

Reinforcement is given only after a specific number of responses

almond-shaped structures in the limbic system that processes basic emotions and associated memories

a pair of sea-horse shaped structures located in the limbic system; creates new memories

the way the ego moves uncomfortable thoughts and memories from the conscious level to the unconscious

the ideal example of a natural concept

mental representations of categories of objects, situations, and ideas that belong together based on their central features or characteristics

multiple intelligences

triarchic theory, analytic creative practical intelligence

Stanford-Binet, Wechsler tests

a test designed to determine a person's ability in a particular skill or field of knowledge

a test designed to measure the knowledge or proficiency of an individual in something that has been learned or taught

branch of psychology that focuses on the way people process information. It looks at how we process information we receive and how the treatment of this information leads to our responses

Can cause aggression. It's reinforcing to the punisher. Punishment doesn't work well in the long run

conventional approach to problem solving

the ability to devise many solutions to a problem

the ability to think in abstract and create associations among concepts

knowledge gained through learning and experience

the substantial and long-sustained increase in both fluid and crystallized intelligence test scores

language is innate, or in other words, we are born with a capacity for language. Language rules are influenced by experience and learning, but the capacity for language itself exists with or without environmental influences

an understanding or solution that occurs in a sudden stroke of clarity

a detailed account of circumstances surrounding an emotionally significant or shocking, sometimes historic, event.

Mental age divided by chronological age, multiplied by 100

delay in thinking, intelligence, as well as social and practical skills, evident before age 18