Gram Positive Cocci 7.5

What are the two medically important genus within the family Micrococcaceae?

what is the species under the genus Micrococcus?

what are the three species under the genus staphylococcus?

what are the six biochemical tests for the family Micrococcaceae?

this enzyme catalyzes the liberation of water and oxygen from hydrogen peroxide, a metabolic end-product toxic to bacteria.

this is the metabolic pathway used by microorganism during utilazation of a substrate, which results in an acid-by-product.

this "cluping factor" is a cell-associated substance that binds plasma fibrinogen causing agglutination.

if coagulase is negative on the slide test it has to be confirmed on what?

which coagulase test is more accurate, slide or tube?

what is the dosage of novobiacin used for GPC testing?

novobiacin is an ___________ determination to check the microorganism's sensitivity to Novobiacin.

Mannitol salt agar with 7.5% NaCl is used as a ____________ test.

this is an enzyme that depolymerizes DNA resulting in its decomposition from macromolecule to a simpler form.

DNAse test is ude to ID what?

this is a family of gram positive cocci that is catalase positive.

Micrococcaceae are what four shapes?

Organisms in the family micrococcaceae have a ____________ appearance.

organisms in the Micrococcaceae family are what kind of oxygen users?

This term is applied to the Micrococcaceae family becuase all strains grow in the presence fo 5% NaCl.

Many organisms in the family Micrococcaceae will grow in _______ NaCl.

this species in the micrococcaceae family is an obligate aerobe that lives in soil, dust, and water. Cells are typically arranged in tetrads and/or sarcinae.

M. luteus is rarely __________ except in compromised hosts.

what are the three conditions that M. luteus can be seen in the human body?

this is a slow grower in the micrococcaceae family with a bright lemon-yellow, butyraceous, and convex appearance.

what is this organism?
-O-F Glucose: oxidizer
-Catalase: +

this organism in the micrococcaceae family is normal flora in the skin, nasopharynx, anterior nares, and perianal area, yet is clinically significant in wound infections, boils, carbuncles, abscesses, pustules, septicemia, TSS, food poisoning and secondary invasions.

what are the six extracellular enzymes found in S. aureus?

these four toxins found in S. aureus cause small veins to constict, post ischemic necrosis, and destroys RBCs, neutrophils, macrophages, plt.

what is the toxin found in S. aureus that kills leukocytes?

this is the toxin that cuases toxic shock syndrom which is found in S. aureus.

this toxins in S. aureus are specific for intestinal cells.

this toxins in S. aureus are responsible for skin sloughing and scaly skin.

the colonial morphology for this Micrococcaceae organism on a BAP is:
-white or golden yellow
-1-3mm diameter
-non-hemolytic, or B/hemolytic
-circular, entire, convex
-butyraceous

what is this organism?
Coagulate: +
Novobiacin: -
Mannitol fermentation: + (usually)
DNase: + (usually)

this organism in the micrococcaceae family is normal flora on the skin and mucous membrane, but clinically significant in wound infections, UTIs, SBE, artificial shunts and valve infections, and nosocomial bacteremia.

this organism in the Micrococcaceae family is occasionally beta hemolytic, with a yellow or white appearance on a BAP, otherwise very similar to S. aureus.

what is this organism?
-Coagulase: =
-novobiacin (5mcg): S
-Mannitol fermentation: =
-DNase: =

this organism in the Micrococcaceae family is normal flora on the skin and GU tract, but clinically significant in UTIs in young sexually active females.

which organism has a similar colonial morphology on a BAP to S. epidermidis?

what is this organism?
-Coagulase: =
-Novobiacin (5mcg): R
-Mannitol: + (usually)
-DNase: =
O-F glucose: oxidizer

what is the reagent used in the catalase slide test?

when performing a catalase slide test how many drops of 3% H₂O₂ should be used for one colony?

on the catalase slide test, rapid furious and sustained bubbling indicates what reaction?

on the catalase slide test, no bubbling indicates what reaction?

what two things could cause a false positve reaction on the catalase slide test?

what are the control organisms for Catalase test?

what is the media used for O-F glucose test?

how many times are the O-F glucose tubes stabbed with bacteria?

how much mineral oil should be used to cover the closed O-F glucose tube?

what temperature should O-F glucose tubes be incubated at?

in the O-F glucose test, yellow color on top portion of exposed tube indicates what reaction?

in the O-F glucose test, yellow color on both tubes indicates what reaction?

in the O-F glucose test, no color change indicates what reaction?

what are the QC organisms for O-F glucose and their results?

what is the reagent for the coagulase test?

why is rabbit plasma preferred in the coagulase test?

what is the principle for the coagulase test?

what are the two forms in the coagulase test?

this occurs in a coagulase test when they are suspended in plasma on a slide test, (bound to the bacterial cell wall and reacts directly with fibrinogen.

this is when coagulase is released by bacterial cells into culture filtrates in tube test, similar to that when thrombin is added.

free coagulase is secreted ____________.

free coagulase is released by bacterial cells into culture filtrates in _____ test.

the coagulase slide test is also known as what?

in the coagulase slide test, granulasr precipitate indicates what reaction?

in the coagulase slide test, absence of clumping indicates what result?

int he coagulase tube test complete or partial clot indicates what?

in the coagulase tube test, absence of clot or gel indicates what result?

strong coagulase positive organisms may produce a clot in __ to ___ hours?

delayed positive many occur only after ___ hours in coagulase test.

in coagulase this may dissolve the clot soon after it is formed.

clumped colonies can cause a false _________ in slide test coagulase.

what are the controls for coagulase test?

tube coagulase tests should be incubated at 35^oC for how long?

what are the intervals for checking a tube coagulase test?

what two medias can a novobiocin disk test be performed on?

what is the method used for disk tests?

what are the quality controls for novobiocin tests?

what is considered a resistant result for novobiocin?

what result is considered susceptible for novobiocin?

what is the pH indicator on the Mannitol salt agar?

this determines microorganism's ability to ferment mannitol.

on an MSA, good growth of _______ colonieks indicates that organism ferment mannitol

what are the quality control organisms for mannitol salt agar?

what is another name for microdase test?

the microdase test is used to confirm what organism?

the microdase test should be incubated at room temp for how long?

pruple to dark blue color on a microdase test indicates what reaction?

yellow to colorless on a microdase test indicates what result?

what are the QC organisms for the microdase test?

what are the five organisms in the family streptococcaceae?

This organism is also known as Beta strep grp. A.

this organism is also known as beta or gamma strep grp. B.

this organism is also known as grp D or non enterococus.

what are the eight biochemical test used on the family streptococcaceae?

this test is used to seperates S. pyogenes (+) and enterococcus (+) from other strep.

this test is also called the A disk.

this test is used to ID S. pneumoniae.

this test is also called the P disk

these two tests are used to ID S. agalactiae.

this test is used on alpha hemolytic streps.

this test is used in the ID or group D strep.

this test is used to ID the subgroup of group D.

what is the genus for streptococcaceae?

what fastidious family of GPC requires blood based media and lactic acid from carbs

this family of GPC forms chains in liquid media.

streptococcaceae family is catalase ________, facultative anaerobics.

the primary infections of this organism include:
scarlet fever
erysipelas
septicemia/bacteremia
meningitis

This determinant of pathogenicity in S. pyogense is involved in attachemnt.

this determinant of pahtogenicity in S. pyogenes is anti-phagocytic.

this determinant of pahtogenicity in S. pyogenes is invovled in fibrinolysis.

this determinant of pahtogenicity in S. pyogenes is oxygen labile, heat stable.

this determinant of pahtogenicity in S. pyogenes is oxygen stable, heat labile.

S. pyogenes may have autoAb that attack ________ tissue.

S. pyogenes may have an Ab-Ag complex that builds up in the ________.

S. pyogenes are pinpoint, circular, convex, and translucent organisms that are ______ hemolytic.

what is this organism.
-Catalase: =
-Beta hemolytic
-PYR: (+)
-Bacitracin: (s)
-Hipp hydro: =
-CAMP (varibale)

This strep is normal flora in the upeer respiratory tract, lower GI, and female GU tract, but clinically significant in wound infections, neonatal meningitis and sepsis, and puerperal sepsis.

this GPC is similar to S. pyogenes but has a smaller zone of hemolysis and some strains are gamma.

What is this organism?
-Catalase: =
-Beta or gamma hemolytic
-Bacitracin: R
-Hipp hydro: +
-CAMP: +

what groups of strep are considered other/misc. step?

what group C strep clinically significant for?

what is group G strep clinically significant for?

these are three strep groups which are very similar, grayish white, glistening, with variable hemolysis.

ID of these strep groups is unimportant but must be differentiated from grp A by PYR.

this strep was formerly genus diplococcus.

this is the major cause of bacterial pneumonia.

what are two synonyms for S. pneumoniae?

What is the most common clinical significance for S. pneumoniae?

S. pneumoniae has a ______ which enhances virulence.

This frequently encapsulated GPC is lancet shaped and stimulated by CO2.

what is the colonial morphology for encapsulated S. pneumoniae on a BAP?

what is the colonial morphology for NON-encapsulated S. pneumoniae on a BAP?

how can young and old S. pneumoniae be deferentiated on a BAP?

what is this organism?
Catalase:=
alpha hemolytic
optochin (P): S
bile solubility: +

this group of strep is not usually speciated and is clinically significant in subacute bacterial endocarditis.

this alpha or gamma hemolytic GPC in chains is usually has a pinpoint, smooth or matte appearance on a BAP.

What is this organism?
Catalase: =
optochin: R
bile: =
growth on 6.5% NaCl: =
hippurate hydrolysis: =

this organism is normal fora of birds, animals, and humans, it can be found on large bowel and female GU tract. it is clinically significant in peritonitis.

this organism is small less opaque and can be glossy-white. may produce beta, alpha, or gamma hemolysis on a BAP.

what is this organism?
Catalase: =
Bacitracin: R
Hipp Hydro: =
CAMP: =
optichin: R
Bile: =
BEM: +
6.5% NaCl: +

this classification scheme is based on temperature group growth characterisitics.

this classification scheme is based on hemolytic reactions on BAP.

lancefield's classification scheme was pioneered by who?

this classification scheme is based on cell surface carbohydrate Ag.

how many serogroups are included in the lacefield classification scheme?

what are the sero groups in the lacefield classification scheme?

what are the clinically important sero groups in lacefield's classification scheme?

true or false
S. pneumoniae and many Viridans strep are not classified under lancefield.
True False

this test if used in the ID of S. pyogenes and E. faecalis that produces L-pyrroglutamyl-aminopeptidase

PYR should be incubated at room temp for __ minutes before adding ___ drop of reagent.

a red color within five minutes on a PYR indicates what result?

orange or no red color on a PYR indicates what result?

what are the QC organisms for PYR?

the bacitracin (A or B disk) is used to identify which group of strep which is inhibited by a low concentration of bacitracin.

what amount of bacitracin is used in the A or B disk?

in which disk test will any size zone of inhibition indicate suseptibility?

what are the QC organisms for Bacitracin (A or B disk).

the principle of the hippurate hydrolysis test is to ID organisms which produce the enzyme __________.

hippuricase can hydrolyze hippuric acid producing what two substances?

what is the substrate used in hippurate hydrolysis?

in what test do you inoculate 0.4 ml of 1% sodium hippurate reagent with 3-5 colonies of suspect organism. incubate for 2 hours at 35^oC, then add 0.2 ml ninhydrin reagent and mix well?

a deep purple color within 10 minutes on a hippurate hydrolysis test indicates what reaction?

no color change on a hippurate hydrolysis test indicates what reaction?

hippurate hydrolysis can be used as a standard test for what?

in order to test for sodium benzoate using hippurate hydrolysis, how long should the tue be incubated for before centrifugation?

after centrifuging a hippurate hydrolysis to test for sodium benzoate, 0.2 ml of what reagent is used to interpret results?

on the sodium benzoate hippurate hydrolysis test, what reaction does precipitate persiting indicate?

if the solution is clear on a hippurate hydrolysis test for sodium benzoate, what result is indicated?

what are the QC organisms for hippurate hydrolysis?

what is the reference test for hippurate hydrolysis?

hippurate hydrolysis takes greater than ___ hours to perform

the hemolysis accentuating factor is also called what?

the hemolytic activity of staphylococcal beta-lysin on RBCs is enhanced by an extracellular factor produced by some beta-hemolytic streptococci is the principle of what test?

in CAMP, perform a single steak of strep. isolate perpendicular to a beta-lysin producing strain of _________.

an arrow-head hemolysis at the junction of the two streaklines in CAMP indicates what reaction?

abesence of arrow-head hemolysis on a CAMP test indicates what reaction?

what are the QC organisms for CAMP?

80% of what organism are CAMP (+)?

the principle of the optochin disk test is to presumptively identify what organism which is inhibited by a low concentration of optochin.

what concentration of optochin is used in the optochin disk test?

ethylhydroxycupreine hydrochloride is also know as what?

what are the two optochin disks?

what are is the size of the optochin P disk?

what is the size of the optochin O disk?

optochin should be incubated at 35^oC for 18-24 hours with what special reqiurement?

what size zone of inhibition indicates susceptibility on a 6mm P disk?

what size zone of inhibition indicates suseptibility on a 10 mm O disk?

what are the QC organisms for optochin?

the principle of the bile solubility test is to presumptively ID ___________ the cell of which are selectively lysed with a bile salt reagent.

what is the reagent for the bile solubility test?

Bile solubilty should be incubated on a BAP at 35^oC for how long?

if the colony disappears in the bile solubility test what is the reaction?

if the colony remains intact on a bile solubility test what is the reaction?

what are the QC organisms for bile solubility?

Esculin hydrolysis is also known as what test?

to identify microorganism capable of growing in bile is the principle of what test?

the ability of an organism to hydrolyze esculin to glucose and esculetin with iron salt to for a ___________ complex, is the principle of esculin hydrolysis

what does BEM stand for?

what is the color indicator in BEM?

the blackening of more than half the slant in a esculin hydrolysis test indicates what reaction?

no blackening or blackening of less than half the slant indiates what result in esculin hydrolysis?

what are the QC organisms for esculin hydrolysis?

the principle of the test is to demonstrate bacterial grown tolerance to relatively high concentration of NaCl. It is used in differentiating group D enterococci and group D non-enterococci.

what is the medium used in the salt tolerance test?

turbidity w/without color indicates what reaction on a salt tolerance test?

if the medium remains clear on a salt tolerance test, what is the reaction?

what are the QC organisms used on the salt tolerance test?

the principle of this test is to detect S. pyogenes by Ag extraction. for use on direct specimen or pure culture.

what are the QC orgnaisms for rapid strep testing (grp. A)?

when diffrentiateing micrococcaceae organisms on a gram stain, staphylococci appear in grape like _______ while micrococci appear in ______.

stapylococci and streptococcaceae grow rapidly in ___ hours while micrococci may take up to ___ hours to grow.