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Describe Florence Nightingales contributions to politics
- First nurse to exert political pressure
- Transformed military health
- Collected/analyzed data (critical to public health today)
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Describe Sojourner Truths contribution to politics
- Transform racist/sexist policies that limited health and well-being of African Americans
- Lobbied for federal funds to train nurses/physicians
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Describe Clara Barton's contribution to politics
- Organized relief efforts for Civil war
- Brought Red Cross to US (good samaritan)
- Help during times of peace/war
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Describe Lavina Dock's contribution to politics
- Writer (Materia Medica 1st book)
- Physicians should not train nurses
- Nurses need formal education through literature
- Worked with Robb and Nutting for National League of Nursing
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Describe Lillian Wald's contribution to politics
- First to recognize social conditions and health connection
- Develop Children's Bureau
- National/International policy
- ALSO ACTIVE CAMPAIGNER AGAINST SEGREGATION ON HENRY STREET
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Describe Mary Breckenridge's contribution to politics
Develop Frontier Nursing 1912 (rural Kentucky)
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Describe Susie Walking Bear Yellowstone contribution to politics
- Founded Native American Nursing Association
- Traveled from reservation to reservation improving health for native americans
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Describe Florence Wald's contribution to politics
Established hospice care in the US
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Describe Ruth Watson Lubic's contribution to politics
Nurse midwife who crusaded for freestanding birth centers in the US
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What denotes a course of action to be followed by a government, business, or institution to obtain a desired effect?
Policy
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What is policy a reflection of
values, beliefs, and attitudes of those designing the policy
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What policy focuses on healthcare, pollution, and the economy?
Public
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A local or regional effort to prevent the sale of tobacco or alcohol to minors is an example of what policy
Public
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To prevent an epidemic, a program for inoculating a population is developed and implemented, and priorities and values underlying health resource allocation are determined is an example of what type of policy
Health
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What is the argument of Social Justice
That all individuals and groups receive fair treatment in society as well as impartially share in the benefits of that society
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What are rules of conduct or procedure that result from a combination of legislation, judicial decisions, constitutional decisions, and administrative actions
LAWS
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What do you HAVE to have in order to follow through with developing a policy
resources to back it up
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What is the FIRST step in forming a policy
Identifying an issue and then putting it on the agenda
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What level of government is responsible for making Public Health Policies
ALL 3 LEVELS
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What health organizations are influenced by Public Health Policies
ALLLLL
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Who is the authority of the Public Health System
States
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If the CDC's shift of focus is moving away from curing diseases and toward prevention and promotion, why hasn't it happened yet
Because it would need a substantiate reallocation of resources away from medical care/research
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What refers to decisions made by legislative, executive, or judicial branches of one of the three levels (federal/state/local)
Public policy
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Who has the authority for the protection of the public's health
State
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If it is voluntary for the state to follow federal program standards, why don't states do their own thing?
Because the federal government is who they get their funds from
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What groups are included in the private sector
- Employers
- Professional Organizations
- Nonprofit health care organizations
- Forprofit organizations
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Name differences between private sector and public sector
- Private: influenced by economics/business management (Public influenced by social/political theories)
- Private: Economics is central (Public its one factor)
- Private: Decisions swift and proactive (Public: slow/deliberate/reactive)
- Private: influenced by consumerism, market trends, economics (Public: voting shifts, electoral realignment, term limits)
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What act established a program to supervise and control the manufacturing, labeling, and sale of food
Pure food and Drugs Act
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What act protects children from unhealthy labor practices
Children's Bureau Act
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What act extended children's health care programs to the welfare of infants
Sheppard-Towner
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What are 3 requirements for Medicare (1965)
- >65 years
- Permanent disabilities
- End stage renal disease
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When did we first have medicare?
1965
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What was the most significant law in 40 years for senior health care and what did it include
Medicare Modernization Act, PRESCRIPTION DRUGS
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What is the most challenging element in making a policy
getting it on the agenda
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What is the states role in health care policy, legislation, and regulation
finance and delivery of services and oversight of insurance
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What does policy analysis determine
Who will benefit and who will experience a loss as a result of the policy which is critical in order to develop health policies that are as fair as possible to all who are affected
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