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cwehde
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Basic physical needs for cats
- Kept clean, dry, comfortable in secure housing
- eliminate as much environmental stress as possible
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Basic Physiological Needs for cats/dogs
- positive soothing voices
- gentle reassurance
- snacks and treats
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Monitoring lvl of Consciousness
- LOC (level of consciousness) Pain?
- Depression?
- Anxiety?
- Quiet?
- comatose?
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Systemic/secondary disorders from surgery:
- Lethargy
- Aggression
- Coma
- Blindness
- Hyper excitability
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Monitoring Weight:
- Weigh patient each day
- Helps monitor hydration, and nutrition status
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Monitoring body temperature:
Base line temp on admittance and every appointment
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What is Hypothermia? how do we deal with it?
- Lower body temperature
- Shock, sepsis, severe cardiac insufficiency, organ failure
- Combat With: Hot water blankets (NOT electric), Warm water bottles, Blow-dryer, Heat lamp
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What is Hyperthermia? How do we deal with it?
- High body temperature
- Occurs with infection, sepsis, toxicity, inflammation, stress, seizures
- Combat with: ice wrapped towels, fans, alcohol application, cold drinking water
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Monitoring Pulse:
Monitor with auscultation or an ECG caudal to elbows or stifles
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What is a murmur heard between the 2nd sound and following 1st sound?
Diastolic
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What is a murmur heard between 1st heart sound & 2nd sound?
Systolic
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Monitoring urine production
Urination frequency should be recorded on all patients.
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Gastrointestinal Monitoring
- Monitor all excretions and characterize the color and contents of the vomitus and feces
- Patients must be kept as clean and free of body waste and secretions as possible.
- Patients that have not had bowel movements in the past 2 days but are still eating should be monitored close
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Neurological/Integumentary System Monitoring
- Assessment of Neurological system should start with LOC
- Note their body position, head tilt or any other abnormal head posture
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Nutritional Support
- A baseline nutritional assessment should be followed by serial assessments throughout the course of hospitalization
- Crucial to recovery and survival
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Grooming/Skin Care:
When a patient is admitted any vomit, diarrhea, urine, feces, or blood should be removed from the skin to prevent infections
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What is stimulus?
internal or external change that exceeds a threshold causing stimulation of the nervous and/or endocrine systems.
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What is ethology?
Study of animal behavior
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What is classic conditioning?
conditioning associated with stimulus that occur at approx. the same time or in the same area
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What is operant conditioning?
association of a particular activity with apunishment or a reward
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What is positive reinforcement?
immediate pleasant occurrence that follows a behavior (Treats/praise)
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Negative reinforcement
immediate unpleasant occurrence used to create a desired behavior (Electric fences)
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What is Anthropomorphism?
refers to the attribution of human characteristics and emotions to animals
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Do kittens need to be shown how to use a litter?
No, they use a substrate, or specific location for elimination
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What is agnostic behavior?
behaviors that animals show in situations, involving social conflict.
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Where does conflict related aggressive behavior come from?
unpredictable environment or inconsistent/inappropriate use of punishment
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Where does fear induced aggression come from?
fearful situations: noises, vet offices, unknown areas, being caged
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what is Predatory aggression?
Instinctual stalking and pouncing with no warning growl
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Where does pain induced aggression come form?
a protective instinct
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How can you prevent destructive behavior in dogs? in cats?
- Dogs: appeal to chew toys
- Cats: scratching posts (try with cat nip)
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