Medical Terminology Chapter 4

twice, double, two

hernia, tumor, swelling

bad, difficult, or painful

fascia, fibrous band

fibrous tissue, fiber

abnormal condition, disease, plural of -ium

pertaining to

movement

muscle

paralysis, stroke

rupture

coordination, order

tendon, stretch out, extend, strain

tone, stretching, tension

three

Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body.

Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body.

A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally.

The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement.

Lacking normal muscle tone or strength.

Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures caused by pathology or by disuse of the muscle over a long period of time.

Extreme slowness in movement.

Inflammation and swelling of the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel, which then create pressure on the median nerve.

A debilitating and complex disorder characterized by profound fatigue that is not improved by bed rest and may be made worse by physical or mental activity

The circular movement at the far end of a limb.

The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with non-elastic fibrous tissues.

Movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle and narrows the angle between the top of the foot and the front of the leg.

Distortion or impairment of voluntary movement in which the movements appear purposeful but are not under voluntary control, as in tics or spasms.

A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement.

A diagnostic procedure that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation.

Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow.

The study of human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment.

A specialist who works under a physician's supervision to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness.

Inflammation of a fascia; "fascitis" is also an acceptable spelling.

A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse and/or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms.

A harmless fluid-filled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist.

A calcium deposit that is in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus (heel) bone and can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis.

Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body.

Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body.

The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it.

Abnormally increased motor function or activity; also known as hyperactivity.

A condition of diminished tone of the skeletal muscles.

Inflammed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint.

The point where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon.

Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest.

A group of more than 30 genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system

Achronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction (where the neuron activates muscles to contract) and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles.

The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it.

The sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles.

A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia syndrome, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders, and carpal tunnel syndrome.

The degeneration of muscle tissue.

Weakness or slight muscular paralysis.

Surgical suturing of a muscle.

Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle.

Jerking of the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep.

Slanted or at an angle.

The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply.

Paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body.

A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function.

Inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot, causing foot or heel pain when walking or running.

A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body.

The act of rotating the arm or the leg so the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot is turned downward or backward.

Paralysis of all four extremities.

A diagnostic procedure to evaluate joint mobility and muscle strength.

The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging.

A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone).

Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm; also known as hiccups.

A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side; also known as wryneck.

A ringlike muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway.

An injury to a joint, such as ankle, knee, or wrist, that usually involves a stretched or torn ligament.

The suturing of the end of a tendon to bone.

An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon.

The release of a tendon from adhesions.

Surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon.

In a crosswise fashion.